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Effectiveness of a Central Discharge Element Sock for Plantar Temperature Reduction and Improving Comfort

U-shaped plantar cushions could help reduce stress affecting the central forefoot without the need for an orthosis, but they are yet to be integrated as an element in socks. The objective of this study was to verify the effectiveness of a sock with a central discharge element in terms of plantar tem...

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Autores principales: Martínez-Nova, Alfonso, Jiménez-Cano, Víctor Manuel, Caracuel-López, Juan Miguel, Gómez-Martín, Beatriz, Escamilla-Martínez, Elena, Sánchez-Rodríguez, Raquel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8199890/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34205056
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18116011
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author Martínez-Nova, Alfonso
Jiménez-Cano, Víctor Manuel
Caracuel-López, Juan Miguel
Gómez-Martín, Beatriz
Escamilla-Martínez, Elena
Sánchez-Rodríguez, Raquel
author_facet Martínez-Nova, Alfonso
Jiménez-Cano, Víctor Manuel
Caracuel-López, Juan Miguel
Gómez-Martín, Beatriz
Escamilla-Martínez, Elena
Sánchez-Rodríguez, Raquel
author_sort Martínez-Nova, Alfonso
collection PubMed
description U-shaped plantar cushions could help reduce stress affecting the central forefoot without the need for an orthosis, but they are yet to be integrated as an element in socks. The objective of this study was to verify the effectiveness of a sock with a central discharge element in terms of plantar temperature and comfort. The sample comprised 38 subjects (13 men and 25 women). Their plantar temperatures were measured with a thermographic camera in a basal situation and after each of two 10-minute walks around an indoor circuit during which they wore either control or experimental socks at random (the same design, weight, and fiber, but with the plantar cushioning element added). After the walks, each subject responded to a comfort questionnaire (five-point Likert scale), blindly scoring the two socks. The highest temperatures (28.3 ± 2.7 °C) were recorded in the zone of the second and third metatarsal heads. With the experimental socks, the observed temperature increase in the central forefoot zone was significantly less than with the control socks (31.6 vs. 30.6 °C, p = 0.001). The subjects found the experimental socks to be more comfortable than the controls (4.63 ± 0.5 vs. 4.03 ± 0.5, p < 0.001). The discharge element included in the experimental socks was effective since it reduced the contact zones and excess friction with the ground, thereby lessening overheating by more than 1 °C. Furthermore, the experimental socks were perceived as being more comfortable by the subjects who had mild and occasional foot discomfort.
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spelling pubmed-81998902021-06-14 Effectiveness of a Central Discharge Element Sock for Plantar Temperature Reduction and Improving Comfort Martínez-Nova, Alfonso Jiménez-Cano, Víctor Manuel Caracuel-López, Juan Miguel Gómez-Martín, Beatriz Escamilla-Martínez, Elena Sánchez-Rodríguez, Raquel Int J Environ Res Public Health Article U-shaped plantar cushions could help reduce stress affecting the central forefoot without the need for an orthosis, but they are yet to be integrated as an element in socks. The objective of this study was to verify the effectiveness of a sock with a central discharge element in terms of plantar temperature and comfort. The sample comprised 38 subjects (13 men and 25 women). Their plantar temperatures were measured with a thermographic camera in a basal situation and after each of two 10-minute walks around an indoor circuit during which they wore either control or experimental socks at random (the same design, weight, and fiber, but with the plantar cushioning element added). After the walks, each subject responded to a comfort questionnaire (five-point Likert scale), blindly scoring the two socks. The highest temperatures (28.3 ± 2.7 °C) were recorded in the zone of the second and third metatarsal heads. With the experimental socks, the observed temperature increase in the central forefoot zone was significantly less than with the control socks (31.6 vs. 30.6 °C, p = 0.001). The subjects found the experimental socks to be more comfortable than the controls (4.63 ± 0.5 vs. 4.03 ± 0.5, p < 0.001). The discharge element included in the experimental socks was effective since it reduced the contact zones and excess friction with the ground, thereby lessening overheating by more than 1 °C. Furthermore, the experimental socks were perceived as being more comfortable by the subjects who had mild and occasional foot discomfort. MDPI 2021-06-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8199890/ /pubmed/34205056 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18116011 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Martínez-Nova, Alfonso
Jiménez-Cano, Víctor Manuel
Caracuel-López, Juan Miguel
Gómez-Martín, Beatriz
Escamilla-Martínez, Elena
Sánchez-Rodríguez, Raquel
Effectiveness of a Central Discharge Element Sock for Plantar Temperature Reduction and Improving Comfort
title Effectiveness of a Central Discharge Element Sock for Plantar Temperature Reduction and Improving Comfort
title_full Effectiveness of a Central Discharge Element Sock for Plantar Temperature Reduction and Improving Comfort
title_fullStr Effectiveness of a Central Discharge Element Sock for Plantar Temperature Reduction and Improving Comfort
title_full_unstemmed Effectiveness of a Central Discharge Element Sock for Plantar Temperature Reduction and Improving Comfort
title_short Effectiveness of a Central Discharge Element Sock for Plantar Temperature Reduction and Improving Comfort
title_sort effectiveness of a central discharge element sock for plantar temperature reduction and improving comfort
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8199890/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34205056
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18116011
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