Flexible Theoretical Calculation of Loop Length and Area Density of Weft-Knitted Structures: Part I

This work presents a simple and flexible method for theoretical calculation of the main structural parameter of weft-knitted fabrics’—the loop length and one of the main characteristics of textile fabrics—area density, which combines physical and economical aspects. It helps to predict many physical properties and the mechanical behaviour, which is especially important for protective textiles, and allows predicting potential yarn consumption for knitting of one square meter of the fabric. The main idea of the proposed method, based on Čiukas geometrical model, is to calculate different parts of the knitted loop separately, which gives a great flexibility of such modelling. The proposed theoretical formulas can be used for various weft-knitted structures, give very low errors to empirical calculations, and are easy to use. It is a big advantage because known geometric models only allow a loop length of some particular pattern to be calculated, usually of single jersey or rib 1 × 1.