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Memory Generation and Re-Activation in Food Allergy

Recent evidence has highlighted the critical role of memory cells in maintaining lifelong food allergies, thereby identifying these cells as therapeutic targets. IgG(+) memory B cells replenish pools of IgE-secreting cells upon allergen exposure, which contract thereafter due to the short lifespan o...

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Autores principales: Koenig, Joshua F E, Bruton, Kelly, Phelps, Allyssa, Grydziuszko, Emily, Jiménez-Saiz, Rodrigo, Jordana, Manel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8200165/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34136419
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/ITT.S284823
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author Koenig, Joshua F E
Bruton, Kelly
Phelps, Allyssa
Grydziuszko, Emily
Jiménez-Saiz, Rodrigo
Jordana, Manel
author_facet Koenig, Joshua F E
Bruton, Kelly
Phelps, Allyssa
Grydziuszko, Emily
Jiménez-Saiz, Rodrigo
Jordana, Manel
author_sort Koenig, Joshua F E
collection PubMed
description Recent evidence has highlighted the critical role of memory cells in maintaining lifelong food allergies, thereby identifying these cells as therapeutic targets. IgG(+) memory B cells replenish pools of IgE-secreting cells upon allergen exposure, which contract thereafter due to the short lifespan of tightly regulated IgE-expressing cells. Advances in the detection and highly dimensional analysis of allergen-specific B and T cells from allergic patients have provided insight on their phenotype and function. The newly identified Th2A and Tfh13 populations represent a leap in our understanding of allergen-specific T cell phenotypes, although how these populations contribute to IgE memory responses remains poorly understood. Within, we discuss the mechanisms by which memory B and T cells are activated, integrating knowledge from human systems and fundamental research. We then focus on memory reactivation, specifically, on the pathways of secondary IgE responses. Throughout, we identify areas of future research which will help identify immunotargets for a transformative therapy for food allergy.
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spelling pubmed-82001652021-06-15 Memory Generation and Re-Activation in Food Allergy Koenig, Joshua F E Bruton, Kelly Phelps, Allyssa Grydziuszko, Emily Jiménez-Saiz, Rodrigo Jordana, Manel Immunotargets Ther Review Recent evidence has highlighted the critical role of memory cells in maintaining lifelong food allergies, thereby identifying these cells as therapeutic targets. IgG(+) memory B cells replenish pools of IgE-secreting cells upon allergen exposure, which contract thereafter due to the short lifespan of tightly regulated IgE-expressing cells. Advances in the detection and highly dimensional analysis of allergen-specific B and T cells from allergic patients have provided insight on their phenotype and function. The newly identified Th2A and Tfh13 populations represent a leap in our understanding of allergen-specific T cell phenotypes, although how these populations contribute to IgE memory responses remains poorly understood. Within, we discuss the mechanisms by which memory B and T cells are activated, integrating knowledge from human systems and fundamental research. We then focus on memory reactivation, specifically, on the pathways of secondary IgE responses. Throughout, we identify areas of future research which will help identify immunotargets for a transformative therapy for food allergy. Dove 2021-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8200165/ /pubmed/34136419 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/ITT.S284823 Text en © 2021 Koenig et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) ). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).
spellingShingle Review
Koenig, Joshua F E
Bruton, Kelly
Phelps, Allyssa
Grydziuszko, Emily
Jiménez-Saiz, Rodrigo
Jordana, Manel
Memory Generation and Re-Activation in Food Allergy
title Memory Generation and Re-Activation in Food Allergy
title_full Memory Generation and Re-Activation in Food Allergy
title_fullStr Memory Generation and Re-Activation in Food Allergy
title_full_unstemmed Memory Generation and Re-Activation in Food Allergy
title_short Memory Generation and Re-Activation in Food Allergy
title_sort memory generation and re-activation in food allergy
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8200165/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34136419
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/ITT.S284823
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