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The Nutritional Efficacy of Chlorella Supplementation Depends on the Individual Gut Environment: A Randomised Control Study
Recent studies have accumulated evidence that the intestinal environment is strongly correlated with host diet, which influences host health. A number of dietary products whose mechanisms of influence operate via the gut microbiota have been revealed, but they are still limited. Here, we investigate...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8200412/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34136514 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.648073 |
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author | Nishimoto, Yuichiro Nomaguchi, Tatsuhiro Mori, Yuka Ito, Masaki Nakamura, Yuya Fujishima, Masaki Murakami, Shinnosuke Yamada, Takuji Fukuda, Shinji |
author_facet | Nishimoto, Yuichiro Nomaguchi, Tatsuhiro Mori, Yuka Ito, Masaki Nakamura, Yuya Fujishima, Masaki Murakami, Shinnosuke Yamada, Takuji Fukuda, Shinji |
author_sort | Nishimoto, Yuichiro |
collection | PubMed |
description | Recent studies have accumulated evidence that the intestinal environment is strongly correlated with host diet, which influences host health. A number of dietary products whose mechanisms of influence operate via the gut microbiota have been revealed, but they are still limited. Here, we investigated the dietary influence of Chlorella, a green alga commercially available as a dietary supplement. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial including 40 Japanese participants with constipation was performed. In this study, the primary outcome and secondary outcome were set as defecation frequency and blood folate level, respectively. In both outcomes, no significant differences were detected compared to the control intake. Therefore, we analysed the gut microbiome, gut metabolome, and blood parameters in an integrated manner as an exploratory analysis. We revealed that the consumption of Chlorella increased the level of several dicarboxylic acids in faeces. Furthermore, the analysis showed that individuals with low concentrations of faecal propionate showed an increase in propionate concentration upon Chlorella intake. In addition, increasing blood folate levels were negatively correlated with defecation frequency at baseline. Our study suggested that the effect of Chlorella consumption varies among individuals depending on their intestinal environment, which illustrates the importance of stratified dietary management based on the intestinal environment in individuals. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8200412 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82004122021-06-15 The Nutritional Efficacy of Chlorella Supplementation Depends on the Individual Gut Environment: A Randomised Control Study Nishimoto, Yuichiro Nomaguchi, Tatsuhiro Mori, Yuka Ito, Masaki Nakamura, Yuya Fujishima, Masaki Murakami, Shinnosuke Yamada, Takuji Fukuda, Shinji Front Nutr Nutrition Recent studies have accumulated evidence that the intestinal environment is strongly correlated with host diet, which influences host health. A number of dietary products whose mechanisms of influence operate via the gut microbiota have been revealed, but they are still limited. Here, we investigated the dietary influence of Chlorella, a green alga commercially available as a dietary supplement. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial including 40 Japanese participants with constipation was performed. In this study, the primary outcome and secondary outcome were set as defecation frequency and blood folate level, respectively. In both outcomes, no significant differences were detected compared to the control intake. Therefore, we analysed the gut microbiome, gut metabolome, and blood parameters in an integrated manner as an exploratory analysis. We revealed that the consumption of Chlorella increased the level of several dicarboxylic acids in faeces. Furthermore, the analysis showed that individuals with low concentrations of faecal propionate showed an increase in propionate concentration upon Chlorella intake. In addition, increasing blood folate levels were negatively correlated with defecation frequency at baseline. Our study suggested that the effect of Chlorella consumption varies among individuals depending on their intestinal environment, which illustrates the importance of stratified dietary management based on the intestinal environment in individuals. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8200412/ /pubmed/34136514 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.648073 Text en Copyright © 2021 Nishimoto, Nomaguchi, Mori, Ito, Nakamura, Fujishima, Murakami, Yamada and Fukuda. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Nutrition Nishimoto, Yuichiro Nomaguchi, Tatsuhiro Mori, Yuka Ito, Masaki Nakamura, Yuya Fujishima, Masaki Murakami, Shinnosuke Yamada, Takuji Fukuda, Shinji The Nutritional Efficacy of Chlorella Supplementation Depends on the Individual Gut Environment: A Randomised Control Study |
title | The Nutritional Efficacy of Chlorella Supplementation Depends on the Individual Gut Environment: A Randomised Control Study |
title_full | The Nutritional Efficacy of Chlorella Supplementation Depends on the Individual Gut Environment: A Randomised Control Study |
title_fullStr | The Nutritional Efficacy of Chlorella Supplementation Depends on the Individual Gut Environment: A Randomised Control Study |
title_full_unstemmed | The Nutritional Efficacy of Chlorella Supplementation Depends on the Individual Gut Environment: A Randomised Control Study |
title_short | The Nutritional Efficacy of Chlorella Supplementation Depends on the Individual Gut Environment: A Randomised Control Study |
title_sort | nutritional efficacy of chlorella supplementation depends on the individual gut environment: a randomised control study |
topic | Nutrition |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8200412/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34136514 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.648073 |
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