Cargando…

Bacteriostatic Potential of Melatonin: Therapeutic Standing and Mechanistic Insights

Diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria in animals (e.g., bacterial pneumonia, meningitis and sepsis) and plants (e.g., bacterial wilt, angular spot and canker) lead to high prevalence and mortality, and decomposition of plant leaves, respectively. Melatonin, an endogenous molecule, is highly pleiotr...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: He, Fang, Wu, Xiaoyan, Zhang, Qingzhuo, Li, Yikun, Ye, Yuyi, Li, Pan, Chen, Shuai, Peng, Yuanyi, Hardeland, Rüdiger, Xia, Yaoyao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8201398/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34135911
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.683879
_version_ 1783707809895940096
author He, Fang
Wu, Xiaoyan
Zhang, Qingzhuo
Li, Yikun
Ye, Yuyi
Li, Pan
Chen, Shuai
Peng, Yuanyi
Hardeland, Rüdiger
Xia, Yaoyao
author_facet He, Fang
Wu, Xiaoyan
Zhang, Qingzhuo
Li, Yikun
Ye, Yuyi
Li, Pan
Chen, Shuai
Peng, Yuanyi
Hardeland, Rüdiger
Xia, Yaoyao
author_sort He, Fang
collection PubMed
description Diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria in animals (e.g., bacterial pneumonia, meningitis and sepsis) and plants (e.g., bacterial wilt, angular spot and canker) lead to high prevalence and mortality, and decomposition of plant leaves, respectively. Melatonin, an endogenous molecule, is highly pleiotropic, and accumulating evidence supports the notion that melatonin’s actions in bacterial infection deserve particular attention. Here, we summarize the antibacterial effects of melatonin in vitro, in animals as well as plants, and discuss the potential mechanisms. Melatonin exerts antibacterial activities not only on classic gram-negative and -positive bacteria, but also on members of other bacterial groups, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Protective actions against bacterial infections can occur at different levels. Direct actions of melatonin may occur only at very high concentrations, which is at the borderline of practical applicability. However, various indirect functions comprise activation of hosts’ defense mechanisms or, in sepsis, attenuation of bacterially induced inflammation. In plants, its antibacterial functions involve the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway; in animals, protection by melatonin against bacterially induced damage is associated with inhibition or activation of various signaling pathways, including key regulators such as NF-κB, STAT-1, Nrf2, NLRP3 inflammasome, MAPK and TLR-2/4. Moreover, melatonin can reduce formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS, RNS), promote detoxification and protect mitochondrial damage. Altogether, we propose that melatonin could be an effective approach against various pathogenic bacterial infections.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8201398
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-82013982021-06-15 Bacteriostatic Potential of Melatonin: Therapeutic Standing and Mechanistic Insights He, Fang Wu, Xiaoyan Zhang, Qingzhuo Li, Yikun Ye, Yuyi Li, Pan Chen, Shuai Peng, Yuanyi Hardeland, Rüdiger Xia, Yaoyao Front Immunol Immunology Diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria in animals (e.g., bacterial pneumonia, meningitis and sepsis) and plants (e.g., bacterial wilt, angular spot and canker) lead to high prevalence and mortality, and decomposition of plant leaves, respectively. Melatonin, an endogenous molecule, is highly pleiotropic, and accumulating evidence supports the notion that melatonin’s actions in bacterial infection deserve particular attention. Here, we summarize the antibacterial effects of melatonin in vitro, in animals as well as plants, and discuss the potential mechanisms. Melatonin exerts antibacterial activities not only on classic gram-negative and -positive bacteria, but also on members of other bacterial groups, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Protective actions against bacterial infections can occur at different levels. Direct actions of melatonin may occur only at very high concentrations, which is at the borderline of practical applicability. However, various indirect functions comprise activation of hosts’ defense mechanisms or, in sepsis, attenuation of bacterially induced inflammation. In plants, its antibacterial functions involve the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway; in animals, protection by melatonin against bacterially induced damage is associated with inhibition or activation of various signaling pathways, including key regulators such as NF-κB, STAT-1, Nrf2, NLRP3 inflammasome, MAPK and TLR-2/4. Moreover, melatonin can reduce formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS, RNS), promote detoxification and protect mitochondrial damage. Altogether, we propose that melatonin could be an effective approach against various pathogenic bacterial infections. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8201398/ /pubmed/34135911 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.683879 Text en Copyright © 2021 He, Wu, Zhang, Li, Ye, Li, Chen, Peng, Hardeland and Xia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
He, Fang
Wu, Xiaoyan
Zhang, Qingzhuo
Li, Yikun
Ye, Yuyi
Li, Pan
Chen, Shuai
Peng, Yuanyi
Hardeland, Rüdiger
Xia, Yaoyao
Bacteriostatic Potential of Melatonin: Therapeutic Standing and Mechanistic Insights
title Bacteriostatic Potential of Melatonin: Therapeutic Standing and Mechanistic Insights
title_full Bacteriostatic Potential of Melatonin: Therapeutic Standing and Mechanistic Insights
title_fullStr Bacteriostatic Potential of Melatonin: Therapeutic Standing and Mechanistic Insights
title_full_unstemmed Bacteriostatic Potential of Melatonin: Therapeutic Standing and Mechanistic Insights
title_short Bacteriostatic Potential of Melatonin: Therapeutic Standing and Mechanistic Insights
title_sort bacteriostatic potential of melatonin: therapeutic standing and mechanistic insights
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8201398/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34135911
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.683879
work_keys_str_mv AT hefang bacteriostaticpotentialofmelatonintherapeuticstandingandmechanisticinsights
AT wuxiaoyan bacteriostaticpotentialofmelatonintherapeuticstandingandmechanisticinsights
AT zhangqingzhuo bacteriostaticpotentialofmelatonintherapeuticstandingandmechanisticinsights
AT liyikun bacteriostaticpotentialofmelatonintherapeuticstandingandmechanisticinsights
AT yeyuyi bacteriostaticpotentialofmelatonintherapeuticstandingandmechanisticinsights
AT lipan bacteriostaticpotentialofmelatonintherapeuticstandingandmechanisticinsights
AT chenshuai bacteriostaticpotentialofmelatonintherapeuticstandingandmechanisticinsights
AT pengyuanyi bacteriostaticpotentialofmelatonintherapeuticstandingandmechanisticinsights
AT hardelandrudiger bacteriostaticpotentialofmelatonintherapeuticstandingandmechanisticinsights
AT xiayaoyao bacteriostaticpotentialofmelatonintherapeuticstandingandmechanisticinsights