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Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Is Regulated by Intestinal Tract Neuro-Immune Interplay

Inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome and severe central nervous system injury can lead to intestinal mucosal barrier damage, which can cause endotoxin/enterobacteria translocation to induce infection and is closely related to the progression of metabolic diseases, cardiovascular and...

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Autores principales: You, Xin-yu, Zhang, Han-yu, Han, Xu, Wang, Fang, Zhuang, Peng-wei, Zhang, Yan-jun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8201607/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34135754
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.659716
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author You, Xin-yu
Zhang, Han-yu
Han, Xu
Wang, Fang
Zhuang, Peng-wei
Zhang, Yan-jun
author_facet You, Xin-yu
Zhang, Han-yu
Han, Xu
Wang, Fang
Zhuang, Peng-wei
Zhang, Yan-jun
author_sort You, Xin-yu
collection PubMed
description Inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome and severe central nervous system injury can lead to intestinal mucosal barrier damage, which can cause endotoxin/enterobacteria translocation to induce infection and is closely related to the progression of metabolic diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, tumors and other diseases. Hence, repairing the intestinal barrier represents a potential therapeutic target for many diseases. Enteral afferent nerves, efferent nerves and the intrinsic enteric nervous system (ENS) play key roles in regulating intestinal physiological homeostasis and coping with acute stress. Furthermore, innervation actively regulates immunity and induces inherent and adaptive immune responses through complex processes, such as secreting neurotransmitters or hormones and regulating their corresponding receptors. In addition, intestinal microorganisms and their metabolites play a regulatory role in the intestinal mucosal barrier. This paper primarily discusses the interactions between norepinephrine and β-adrenergic receptors, cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathways, nociceptive receptors, complex ENS networks, gut microbes and various immune cells with their secreted cytokines to summarize the key roles in regulating intestinal inflammation and improving mucosal barrier function.
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spelling pubmed-82016072021-06-15 Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Is Regulated by Intestinal Tract Neuro-Immune Interplay You, Xin-yu Zhang, Han-yu Han, Xu Wang, Fang Zhuang, Peng-wei Zhang, Yan-jun Front Pharmacol Pharmacology Inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome and severe central nervous system injury can lead to intestinal mucosal barrier damage, which can cause endotoxin/enterobacteria translocation to induce infection and is closely related to the progression of metabolic diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, tumors and other diseases. Hence, repairing the intestinal barrier represents a potential therapeutic target for many diseases. Enteral afferent nerves, efferent nerves and the intrinsic enteric nervous system (ENS) play key roles in regulating intestinal physiological homeostasis and coping with acute stress. Furthermore, innervation actively regulates immunity and induces inherent and adaptive immune responses through complex processes, such as secreting neurotransmitters or hormones and regulating their corresponding receptors. In addition, intestinal microorganisms and their metabolites play a regulatory role in the intestinal mucosal barrier. This paper primarily discusses the interactions between norepinephrine and β-adrenergic receptors, cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathways, nociceptive receptors, complex ENS networks, gut microbes and various immune cells with their secreted cytokines to summarize the key roles in regulating intestinal inflammation and improving mucosal barrier function. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8201607/ /pubmed/34135754 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.659716 Text en Copyright © 2021 You, Zhang, Han, Wang, Zhuang and Zhang. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Pharmacology
You, Xin-yu
Zhang, Han-yu
Han, Xu
Wang, Fang
Zhuang, Peng-wei
Zhang, Yan-jun
Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Is Regulated by Intestinal Tract Neuro-Immune Interplay
title Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Is Regulated by Intestinal Tract Neuro-Immune Interplay
title_full Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Is Regulated by Intestinal Tract Neuro-Immune Interplay
title_fullStr Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Is Regulated by Intestinal Tract Neuro-Immune Interplay
title_full_unstemmed Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Is Regulated by Intestinal Tract Neuro-Immune Interplay
title_short Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Is Regulated by Intestinal Tract Neuro-Immune Interplay
title_sort intestinal mucosal barrier is regulated by intestinal tract neuro-immune interplay
topic Pharmacology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8201607/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34135754
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.659716
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