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Differential effects of risk factors on the cognitive trajectory of early- and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease
BACKGROUND: Although few studies have shown that risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are associated with cognitive decline in AD, not much is known whether the impact of risk factors differs between early-onset AD (EOAD, symptom onset < 65 years of age) versus late-onset AD (LOAD). Therefor...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204422/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34127075 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13195-021-00857-w |
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author | Kim, Jaeho Woo, Sook-Young Kim, Seonwoo Jang, Hyemin Kim, Junpyo Kim, Jisun Kang, Sung Hoon Na, Duk L. Chin, Juhee Apostolova, Liana G. Seo, Sang Won Kim, Hee Jin |
author_facet | Kim, Jaeho Woo, Sook-Young Kim, Seonwoo Jang, Hyemin Kim, Junpyo Kim, Jisun Kang, Sung Hoon Na, Duk L. Chin, Juhee Apostolova, Liana G. Seo, Sang Won Kim, Hee Jin |
author_sort | Kim, Jaeho |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Although few studies have shown that risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are associated with cognitive decline in AD, not much is known whether the impact of risk factors differs between early-onset AD (EOAD, symptom onset < 65 years of age) versus late-onset AD (LOAD). Therefore, we evaluated whether the impact of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk factors on cognitive trajectories differ in EOAD and LOAD. METHODS: We followed-up 193 EOAD and 476 LOAD patients without known autosomal dominant AD mutation for 32.3 ± 23.2 months. Mixed-effects model analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of APOE ε4, low education, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity on cognitive trajectories. RESULTS: APOE ε4 carriers showed slower cognitive decline in general cognitive function, language, and memory domains than APOE ε4 carriers in EOAD but not in LOAD. Although patients with low education showed slower cognitive decline than patients with high education in both EOAD and LOAD, the effect was stronger in EOAD, specifically in frontal-executive function. Patients with hypertension showed faster cognitive decline than did patients without hypertension in frontal-executive and general cognitive function in LOAD but not in EOAD. Patients with obesity showed slower decline in general cognitive function than non-obese patients in EOAD but not in LOAD. CONCLUSIONS: Known risk factors for AD were associated with slower cognitive decline in EOAD but rapid cognitive decline in LOAD. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8204422 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82044222021-06-16 Differential effects of risk factors on the cognitive trajectory of early- and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease Kim, Jaeho Woo, Sook-Young Kim, Seonwoo Jang, Hyemin Kim, Junpyo Kim, Jisun Kang, Sung Hoon Na, Duk L. Chin, Juhee Apostolova, Liana G. Seo, Sang Won Kim, Hee Jin Alzheimers Res Ther Research BACKGROUND: Although few studies have shown that risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are associated with cognitive decline in AD, not much is known whether the impact of risk factors differs between early-onset AD (EOAD, symptom onset < 65 years of age) versus late-onset AD (LOAD). Therefore, we evaluated whether the impact of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk factors on cognitive trajectories differ in EOAD and LOAD. METHODS: We followed-up 193 EOAD and 476 LOAD patients without known autosomal dominant AD mutation for 32.3 ± 23.2 months. Mixed-effects model analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of APOE ε4, low education, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity on cognitive trajectories. RESULTS: APOE ε4 carriers showed slower cognitive decline in general cognitive function, language, and memory domains than APOE ε4 carriers in EOAD but not in LOAD. Although patients with low education showed slower cognitive decline than patients with high education in both EOAD and LOAD, the effect was stronger in EOAD, specifically in frontal-executive function. Patients with hypertension showed faster cognitive decline than did patients without hypertension in frontal-executive and general cognitive function in LOAD but not in EOAD. Patients with obesity showed slower decline in general cognitive function than non-obese patients in EOAD but not in LOAD. CONCLUSIONS: Known risk factors for AD were associated with slower cognitive decline in EOAD but rapid cognitive decline in LOAD. BioMed Central 2021-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8204422/ /pubmed/34127075 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13195-021-00857-w Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Kim, Jaeho Woo, Sook-Young Kim, Seonwoo Jang, Hyemin Kim, Junpyo Kim, Jisun Kang, Sung Hoon Na, Duk L. Chin, Juhee Apostolova, Liana G. Seo, Sang Won Kim, Hee Jin Differential effects of risk factors on the cognitive trajectory of early- and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease |
title | Differential effects of risk factors on the cognitive trajectory of early- and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease |
title_full | Differential effects of risk factors on the cognitive trajectory of early- and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease |
title_fullStr | Differential effects of risk factors on the cognitive trajectory of early- and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Differential effects of risk factors on the cognitive trajectory of early- and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease |
title_short | Differential effects of risk factors on the cognitive trajectory of early- and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease |
title_sort | differential effects of risk factors on the cognitive trajectory of early- and late-onset alzheimer’s disease |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204422/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34127075 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13195-021-00857-w |
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