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Immunogenicity and safety of two monovalent rotavirus vaccines, ROTAVAC® and ROTAVAC 5D® in Zambian infants

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: ROTAVAC® (frozen formulation stored at −20 °C) and ROTAVAC 5D® (liquid formulation stable at 2–8 °C) are rotavirus vaccines derived from the 116E human neonatal rotavirus strain, developed and licensed in India. This study evaluated and compared the safety and immunogenicity of...

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Autores principales: Chilengi, R., Mwila- Kazimbaya, K., Chirwa, M., Sukwa, N., Chipeta, C., Velu, R.M., Katanekwa, N., Babji, S., Kang, G., McNeal, M.M., Meyer, N., Gompana, G., Hazra, S., Tang, Y., Flores, J., Bhat, N., Rathi, N.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204902/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33992437
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.04.060
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author Chilengi, R.
Mwila- Kazimbaya, K.
Chirwa, M.
Sukwa, N.
Chipeta, C.
Velu, R.M.
Katanekwa, N.
Babji, S.
Kang, G.
McNeal, M.M.
Meyer, N.
Gompana, G.
Hazra, S.
Tang, Y.
Flores, J.
Bhat, N.
Rathi, N.
author_facet Chilengi, R.
Mwila- Kazimbaya, K.
Chirwa, M.
Sukwa, N.
Chipeta, C.
Velu, R.M.
Katanekwa, N.
Babji, S.
Kang, G.
McNeal, M.M.
Meyer, N.
Gompana, G.
Hazra, S.
Tang, Y.
Flores, J.
Bhat, N.
Rathi, N.
author_sort Chilengi, R.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND AND AIMS: ROTAVAC® (frozen formulation stored at −20 °C) and ROTAVAC 5D® (liquid formulation stable at 2–8 °C) are rotavirus vaccines derived from the 116E human neonatal rotavirus strain, developed and licensed in India. This study evaluated and compared the safety and immunogenicity of these vaccines in an infant population in Zambia. METHODS: We conducted a phase 2b, open-label, randomized, controlled trial wherein 450 infants 6 to 8 weeks of age were randomized equally to receive three doses of ROTAVAC or ROTAVAC 5D, or two doses of ROTARIX®. Study vaccines were administered concomitantly with routine immunizations. Blood samples were collected pre-vaccination and 28 days after the last dose. Serum anti-rotavirus IgA antibodies were measured by ELISA, with WC3 and 89–12 rotavirus strains as viral lysates in the assays. The primary analysis was to assess non-inferiority of ROTAVAC 5D to ROTAVAC in terms of the geometric mean concentration (GMC) of serum IgA (WC3) antibodies. Seroresponse and seropositivity were also determined. Safety was evaluated as occurrence of immediate, solicited, unsolicited, and serious adverse events after each dose. RESULTS: The study evaluated 388 infants in the per-protocol population. All three vaccines were well tolerated and immunogenic. The post-vaccination GMCs were 14.0 U/mL (95% CI: 10.4, 18.8) and 18.1 U/mL (95% CI: 13.7, 24.0) for the ROTAVAC and ROTAVAC 5D groups, respectively, yielding a ratio of 1.3 (95% CI: 0.9, 1.9), thus meeting the pre-set non-inferiority criteria. Solicited and unsolicited adverse events were similar across all study arms. No death or intussusception case was reported during study period. CONCLUSIONS: Among Zambian infants, both ROTAVAC and ROTAVAC 5D were well tolerated and the immunogenicity of ROTAVAC 5D was non-inferior to that of ROTAVAC. These results are consistent with those observed in licensure trials in India and support use of these vaccines across wider geographical areas.
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spelling pubmed-82049022021-06-23 Immunogenicity and safety of two monovalent rotavirus vaccines, ROTAVAC® and ROTAVAC 5D® in Zambian infants Chilengi, R. Mwila- Kazimbaya, K. Chirwa, M. Sukwa, N. Chipeta, C. Velu, R.M. Katanekwa, N. Babji, S. Kang, G. McNeal, M.M. Meyer, N. Gompana, G. Hazra, S. Tang, Y. Flores, J. Bhat, N. Rathi, N. Vaccine Article BACKGROUND AND AIMS: ROTAVAC® (frozen formulation stored at −20 °C) and ROTAVAC 5D® (liquid formulation stable at 2–8 °C) are rotavirus vaccines derived from the 116E human neonatal rotavirus strain, developed and licensed in India. This study evaluated and compared the safety and immunogenicity of these vaccines in an infant population in Zambia. METHODS: We conducted a phase 2b, open-label, randomized, controlled trial wherein 450 infants 6 to 8 weeks of age were randomized equally to receive three doses of ROTAVAC or ROTAVAC 5D, or two doses of ROTARIX®. Study vaccines were administered concomitantly with routine immunizations. Blood samples were collected pre-vaccination and 28 days after the last dose. Serum anti-rotavirus IgA antibodies were measured by ELISA, with WC3 and 89–12 rotavirus strains as viral lysates in the assays. The primary analysis was to assess non-inferiority of ROTAVAC 5D to ROTAVAC in terms of the geometric mean concentration (GMC) of serum IgA (WC3) antibodies. Seroresponse and seropositivity were also determined. Safety was evaluated as occurrence of immediate, solicited, unsolicited, and serious adverse events after each dose. RESULTS: The study evaluated 388 infants in the per-protocol population. All three vaccines were well tolerated and immunogenic. The post-vaccination GMCs were 14.0 U/mL (95% CI: 10.4, 18.8) and 18.1 U/mL (95% CI: 13.7, 24.0) for the ROTAVAC and ROTAVAC 5D groups, respectively, yielding a ratio of 1.3 (95% CI: 0.9, 1.9), thus meeting the pre-set non-inferiority criteria. Solicited and unsolicited adverse events were similar across all study arms. No death or intussusception case was reported during study period. CONCLUSIONS: Among Zambian infants, both ROTAVAC and ROTAVAC 5D were well tolerated and the immunogenicity of ROTAVAC 5D was non-inferior to that of ROTAVAC. These results are consistent with those observed in licensure trials in India and support use of these vaccines across wider geographical areas. Elsevier Science 2021-06-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8204902/ /pubmed/33992437 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.04.060 Text en © 2021 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Chilengi, R.
Mwila- Kazimbaya, K.
Chirwa, M.
Sukwa, N.
Chipeta, C.
Velu, R.M.
Katanekwa, N.
Babji, S.
Kang, G.
McNeal, M.M.
Meyer, N.
Gompana, G.
Hazra, S.
Tang, Y.
Flores, J.
Bhat, N.
Rathi, N.
Immunogenicity and safety of two monovalent rotavirus vaccines, ROTAVAC® and ROTAVAC 5D® in Zambian infants
title Immunogenicity and safety of two monovalent rotavirus vaccines, ROTAVAC® and ROTAVAC 5D® in Zambian infants
title_full Immunogenicity and safety of two monovalent rotavirus vaccines, ROTAVAC® and ROTAVAC 5D® in Zambian infants
title_fullStr Immunogenicity and safety of two monovalent rotavirus vaccines, ROTAVAC® and ROTAVAC 5D® in Zambian infants
title_full_unstemmed Immunogenicity and safety of two monovalent rotavirus vaccines, ROTAVAC® and ROTAVAC 5D® in Zambian infants
title_short Immunogenicity and safety of two monovalent rotavirus vaccines, ROTAVAC® and ROTAVAC 5D® in Zambian infants
title_sort immunogenicity and safety of two monovalent rotavirus vaccines, rotavac® and rotavac 5d® in zambian infants
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204902/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33992437
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.04.060
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