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Regularity detection under stress: Faster extraction of probability-based regularities

Acute stress can crucially influence learning and memory processes. One of the key processes underlying human learning and memory is the ability of our brain to rapidly detect and extract regularities from sensory input across time and space leading to effective predictive processing. Here, we aimed...

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Autores principales: Tóth-Fáber, Eszter, Janacsek, Karolina, Szőllősi, Ágnes, Kéri, Szabolcs, Nemeth, Dezso
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8205133/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34129623
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253123
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author Tóth-Fáber, Eszter
Janacsek, Karolina
Szőllősi, Ágnes
Kéri, Szabolcs
Nemeth, Dezso
author_facet Tóth-Fáber, Eszter
Janacsek, Karolina
Szőllősi, Ágnes
Kéri, Szabolcs
Nemeth, Dezso
author_sort Tóth-Fáber, Eszter
collection PubMed
description Acute stress can crucially influence learning and memory processes. One of the key processes underlying human learning and memory is the ability of our brain to rapidly detect and extract regularities from sensory input across time and space leading to effective predictive processing. Here, we aimed to get an in-depth look into the effect of stress on the acquisition of two aspects of regularity extraction. We examined whether and how stress affects the learning (1) of probability-based regularities and (2) of serial order-based regularities in the same experimental design, and (3) the explicit access to the acquired information. Considering that the acquisition of probability-based regularities is a relatively rapid process, we primarily focused on the early phase of the task. We induced stress with the Socially Evaluated Cold Pressor Test in 27 young adults, while 26 participants were enrolled in the control group. Salivary cortisol levels and subjective ratings of affective states showed successful stress induction. After the stress induction, we measured regularity extraction with the cued Alternating Serial Reaction Time task. We found that stress promoted the extraction of probability-based regularities measured by the learning performance in the early phase of the task and did not alter the learning of serial order-based regularities. Post-block reports showed weaker explicit access to the serial order-based regularities in the stress group. Our results can contribute to a process-level understanding on how stress alters learning and memory functions related to predictive processes.
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spelling pubmed-82051332021-06-29 Regularity detection under stress: Faster extraction of probability-based regularities Tóth-Fáber, Eszter Janacsek, Karolina Szőllősi, Ágnes Kéri, Szabolcs Nemeth, Dezso PLoS One Research Article Acute stress can crucially influence learning and memory processes. One of the key processes underlying human learning and memory is the ability of our brain to rapidly detect and extract regularities from sensory input across time and space leading to effective predictive processing. Here, we aimed to get an in-depth look into the effect of stress on the acquisition of two aspects of regularity extraction. We examined whether and how stress affects the learning (1) of probability-based regularities and (2) of serial order-based regularities in the same experimental design, and (3) the explicit access to the acquired information. Considering that the acquisition of probability-based regularities is a relatively rapid process, we primarily focused on the early phase of the task. We induced stress with the Socially Evaluated Cold Pressor Test in 27 young adults, while 26 participants were enrolled in the control group. Salivary cortisol levels and subjective ratings of affective states showed successful stress induction. After the stress induction, we measured regularity extraction with the cued Alternating Serial Reaction Time task. We found that stress promoted the extraction of probability-based regularities measured by the learning performance in the early phase of the task and did not alter the learning of serial order-based regularities. Post-block reports showed weaker explicit access to the serial order-based regularities in the stress group. Our results can contribute to a process-level understanding on how stress alters learning and memory functions related to predictive processes. Public Library of Science 2021-06-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8205133/ /pubmed/34129623 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253123 Text en © 2021 Tóth-Fáber et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Tóth-Fáber, Eszter
Janacsek, Karolina
Szőllősi, Ágnes
Kéri, Szabolcs
Nemeth, Dezso
Regularity detection under stress: Faster extraction of probability-based regularities
title Regularity detection under stress: Faster extraction of probability-based regularities
title_full Regularity detection under stress: Faster extraction of probability-based regularities
title_fullStr Regularity detection under stress: Faster extraction of probability-based regularities
title_full_unstemmed Regularity detection under stress: Faster extraction of probability-based regularities
title_short Regularity detection under stress: Faster extraction of probability-based regularities
title_sort regularity detection under stress: faster extraction of probability-based regularities
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8205133/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34129623
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253123
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