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Quinoline Antimalarials Increase the Antibacterial Activity of Ampicillin

Bacterial and malaria co-infections are common in malaria endemic countries and thus necessitate co-administration of antibiotics and antimalarials. There have long been anecdotal clinical reports of interactions between penicillins and antimalarial agents, but the nature and mechanisms of these int...

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Autores principales: Olateju, Olajumoke A., Babalola, Chinedum P., Olubiyi, Olujide O., Kotila, Olayinka A., Kwasi, David A., Oaikhena, Anderson O., Okeke, Iruka N.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8206527/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34149629
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.556550
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author Olateju, Olajumoke A.
Babalola, Chinedum P.
Olubiyi, Olujide O.
Kotila, Olayinka A.
Kwasi, David A.
Oaikhena, Anderson O.
Okeke, Iruka N.
author_facet Olateju, Olajumoke A.
Babalola, Chinedum P.
Olubiyi, Olujide O.
Kotila, Olayinka A.
Kwasi, David A.
Oaikhena, Anderson O.
Okeke, Iruka N.
author_sort Olateju, Olajumoke A.
collection PubMed
description Bacterial and malaria co-infections are common in malaria endemic countries and thus necessitate co-administration of antibiotics and antimalarials. There have long been anecdotal clinical reports of interactions between penicillins and antimalarial agents, but the nature and mechanisms of these interactions remain to be investigated. In this study, we employed antimicrobial interaction testing methods to study the effect of two antimalarials on the antibacterial activity of ampicillin in vitro. Paper strip diffusion, a modified disc diffusion and checkerboard methods were used to determine the nature of interactions between ampicillin and quinoline antimalarials, chloroquine and quinine, against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The impact of antimalarials and ampicillin-antimalarial drug combinations on cell integrity of test bacteria were determined by measuring potassium release. The tested antimalarials did not show substantial antibacterial activity but quinine was bactericidal at high concentrations. Chloroquine and quinine increased ampicillin activity, with increasing concentrations extending the antibacterial’s inhibition zones by 2.7-4.4 mm and from 1.1 to over 60 mm, respectively. Observed interactions were largely additive with Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Indices of >0.5-1 for all ampicillin-antimalarial combinations. Quinine and, to a lesser extent, chloroquine increase the activity of ampicillin and potentially other β-lactams, which has implications for combined clinical use.
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spelling pubmed-82065272021-06-17 Quinoline Antimalarials Increase the Antibacterial Activity of Ampicillin Olateju, Olajumoke A. Babalola, Chinedum P. Olubiyi, Olujide O. Kotila, Olayinka A. Kwasi, David A. Oaikhena, Anderson O. Okeke, Iruka N. Front Microbiol Microbiology Bacterial and malaria co-infections are common in malaria endemic countries and thus necessitate co-administration of antibiotics and antimalarials. There have long been anecdotal clinical reports of interactions between penicillins and antimalarial agents, but the nature and mechanisms of these interactions remain to be investigated. In this study, we employed antimicrobial interaction testing methods to study the effect of two antimalarials on the antibacterial activity of ampicillin in vitro. Paper strip diffusion, a modified disc diffusion and checkerboard methods were used to determine the nature of interactions between ampicillin and quinoline antimalarials, chloroquine and quinine, against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The impact of antimalarials and ampicillin-antimalarial drug combinations on cell integrity of test bacteria were determined by measuring potassium release. The tested antimalarials did not show substantial antibacterial activity but quinine was bactericidal at high concentrations. Chloroquine and quinine increased ampicillin activity, with increasing concentrations extending the antibacterial’s inhibition zones by 2.7-4.4 mm and from 1.1 to over 60 mm, respectively. Observed interactions were largely additive with Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Indices of >0.5-1 for all ampicillin-antimalarial combinations. Quinine and, to a lesser extent, chloroquine increase the activity of ampicillin and potentially other β-lactams, which has implications for combined clinical use. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-06-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8206527/ /pubmed/34149629 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.556550 Text en Copyright © 2021 Olateju, Babalola, Olubiyi, Kotila, Kwasi, Oaikhena and Okeke. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Olateju, Olajumoke A.
Babalola, Chinedum P.
Olubiyi, Olujide O.
Kotila, Olayinka A.
Kwasi, David A.
Oaikhena, Anderson O.
Okeke, Iruka N.
Quinoline Antimalarials Increase the Antibacterial Activity of Ampicillin
title Quinoline Antimalarials Increase the Antibacterial Activity of Ampicillin
title_full Quinoline Antimalarials Increase the Antibacterial Activity of Ampicillin
title_fullStr Quinoline Antimalarials Increase the Antibacterial Activity of Ampicillin
title_full_unstemmed Quinoline Antimalarials Increase the Antibacterial Activity of Ampicillin
title_short Quinoline Antimalarials Increase the Antibacterial Activity of Ampicillin
title_sort quinoline antimalarials increase the antibacterial activity of ampicillin
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8206527/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34149629
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.556550
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