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Chitin- and Keratin-Rich Soil Amendments Suppress Rhizoctonia solani Disease via Changes to the Soil Microbial Community

Enhancing soil suppressiveness against plant pathogens or pests is a promising alternative strategy to chemical pesticides. Organic amendments have been shown to reduce crop diseases and pests, with chitin products the most efficient against fungal pathogens. To study which characteristics of organi...

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Autores principales: Andreo-Jimenez, Beatriz, Schilder, Mirjam T., Nijhuis, Els H., te Beest, Dennis E., Bloem, Jaap, Visser, Johnny H. M., van Os, Gera, Brolsma, Karst, de Boer, Wietse, Postma, Joeke
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Society for Microbiology 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8208141/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33771785
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00318-21
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author Andreo-Jimenez, Beatriz
Schilder, Mirjam T.
Nijhuis, Els H.
te Beest, Dennis E.
Bloem, Jaap
Visser, Johnny H. M.
van Os, Gera
Brolsma, Karst
de Boer, Wietse
Postma, Joeke
author_facet Andreo-Jimenez, Beatriz
Schilder, Mirjam T.
Nijhuis, Els H.
te Beest, Dennis E.
Bloem, Jaap
Visser, Johnny H. M.
van Os, Gera
Brolsma, Karst
de Boer, Wietse
Postma, Joeke
author_sort Andreo-Jimenez, Beatriz
collection PubMed
description Enhancing soil suppressiveness against plant pathogens or pests is a promising alternative strategy to chemical pesticides. Organic amendments have been shown to reduce crop diseases and pests, with chitin products the most efficient against fungal pathogens. To study which characteristics of organic products are correlated with disease suppression, an experiment was designed in which 10 types of organic amendments with different physicochemical properties were tested against the soilborne pathogen Rhizoctonia solani in sugar beet seedlings. Organic amendments rich in keratin or chitin reduced Rhizoctonia solani disease symptoms in sugar beet plants. The bacterial and fungal microbial communities in amended soils were distinct from the microbial communities in nonamended soil, as well as those in soils that received other nonsuppressive treatments. The Rhizoctonia-suppressive amended soils were rich in saprophytic bacteria and fungi that are known for their keratinolytic and chitinolytic properties (i.e., Oxalobacteraceae and Mortierellaceae). The microbial community in keratin- and chitin-amended soils was associated with higher zinc, copper, and selenium, respectively. IMPORTANCE Our results highlight the importance of soil microorganisms in plant disease suppression and the possibility to steer soil microbial community composition by applying organic amendments to the soil.
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spelling pubmed-82081412021-07-21 Chitin- and Keratin-Rich Soil Amendments Suppress Rhizoctonia solani Disease via Changes to the Soil Microbial Community Andreo-Jimenez, Beatriz Schilder, Mirjam T. Nijhuis, Els H. te Beest, Dennis E. Bloem, Jaap Visser, Johnny H. M. van Os, Gera Brolsma, Karst de Boer, Wietse Postma, Joeke Appl Environ Microbiol Microbial Ecology Enhancing soil suppressiveness against plant pathogens or pests is a promising alternative strategy to chemical pesticides. Organic amendments have been shown to reduce crop diseases and pests, with chitin products the most efficient against fungal pathogens. To study which characteristics of organic products are correlated with disease suppression, an experiment was designed in which 10 types of organic amendments with different physicochemical properties were tested against the soilborne pathogen Rhizoctonia solani in sugar beet seedlings. Organic amendments rich in keratin or chitin reduced Rhizoctonia solani disease symptoms in sugar beet plants. The bacterial and fungal microbial communities in amended soils were distinct from the microbial communities in nonamended soil, as well as those in soils that received other nonsuppressive treatments. The Rhizoctonia-suppressive amended soils were rich in saprophytic bacteria and fungi that are known for their keratinolytic and chitinolytic properties (i.e., Oxalobacteraceae and Mortierellaceae). The microbial community in keratin- and chitin-amended soils was associated with higher zinc, copper, and selenium, respectively. IMPORTANCE Our results highlight the importance of soil microorganisms in plant disease suppression and the possibility to steer soil microbial community composition by applying organic amendments to the soil. American Society for Microbiology 2021-05-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8208141/ /pubmed/33771785 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00318-21 Text en Copyright © 2021 Andreo-Jimenez et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Microbial Ecology
Andreo-Jimenez, Beatriz
Schilder, Mirjam T.
Nijhuis, Els H.
te Beest, Dennis E.
Bloem, Jaap
Visser, Johnny H. M.
van Os, Gera
Brolsma, Karst
de Boer, Wietse
Postma, Joeke
Chitin- and Keratin-Rich Soil Amendments Suppress Rhizoctonia solani Disease via Changes to the Soil Microbial Community
title Chitin- and Keratin-Rich Soil Amendments Suppress Rhizoctonia solani Disease via Changes to the Soil Microbial Community
title_full Chitin- and Keratin-Rich Soil Amendments Suppress Rhizoctonia solani Disease via Changes to the Soil Microbial Community
title_fullStr Chitin- and Keratin-Rich Soil Amendments Suppress Rhizoctonia solani Disease via Changes to the Soil Microbial Community
title_full_unstemmed Chitin- and Keratin-Rich Soil Amendments Suppress Rhizoctonia solani Disease via Changes to the Soil Microbial Community
title_short Chitin- and Keratin-Rich Soil Amendments Suppress Rhizoctonia solani Disease via Changes to the Soil Microbial Community
title_sort chitin- and keratin-rich soil amendments suppress rhizoctonia solani disease via changes to the soil microbial community
topic Microbial Ecology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8208141/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33771785
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00318-21
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