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Effect of Genomic and Amino Acid Sequence Mutation on Virulence and Therapeutic Target of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS COV-2)

The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). It is one of the RNA coronaviruses which share the highest mutation rates of RNA viruses when compared with that of their hosts. The collective mutation rate of RNA viruses is up to a million times highe...

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Autores principales: Kelta Wabalo, Endriyas, Dukessa Dubiwak, Abebe, Welde Senbetu, Mengistu, Sime Gizaw, Tariku
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8214021/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34163183
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S307374
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author Kelta Wabalo, Endriyas
Dukessa Dubiwak, Abebe
Welde Senbetu, Mengistu
Sime Gizaw, Tariku
author_facet Kelta Wabalo, Endriyas
Dukessa Dubiwak, Abebe
Welde Senbetu, Mengistu
Sime Gizaw, Tariku
author_sort Kelta Wabalo, Endriyas
collection PubMed
description The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). It is one of the RNA coronaviruses which share the highest mutation rates of RNA viruses when compared with that of their hosts. The collective mutation rate of RNA viruses is up to a million times higher than their hosts and is correlated with enhanced virulence of viruses. The RNA, genomic material of SARS-CoV-2, has the capacity of showing amplified fast changes as the infection spreads. These changes were frequently observed in genes for spike glycoprotein, nucleocapsid, ORF1ab, and ORF8, together with RNA dependent RNA polymerase. In contrast, genes for envelope, membrane, ORF6, ORF7a and ORF7b showed no observable changes in terms of amino acid substitutions. Mutated SARS COV-2 at these particular sites has been associated with viral infectivity, false laboratory results and viral genome mutation and interferes with therapeutic targets. Interferences with therapeutic targets is frequently observed in genes for RdRp. Additionally, mutated viral genes for RdRp render slow fidelity of RdRp protein, resulting in a high mutation rate. Such a high mutation rate might allow new virulent forms of the virus to emerge and influence the disease profile. This review aimed to elaborate on the effect of genomic and amino acid sequence mutations on the virulence and therapeutic targets of SARS COV-2. To achieve this objective, multiple literatures have been reviewed.
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spelling pubmed-82140212021-06-22 Effect of Genomic and Amino Acid Sequence Mutation on Virulence and Therapeutic Target of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS COV-2) Kelta Wabalo, Endriyas Dukessa Dubiwak, Abebe Welde Senbetu, Mengistu Sime Gizaw, Tariku Infect Drug Resist Review The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). It is one of the RNA coronaviruses which share the highest mutation rates of RNA viruses when compared with that of their hosts. The collective mutation rate of RNA viruses is up to a million times higher than their hosts and is correlated with enhanced virulence of viruses. The RNA, genomic material of SARS-CoV-2, has the capacity of showing amplified fast changes as the infection spreads. These changes were frequently observed in genes for spike glycoprotein, nucleocapsid, ORF1ab, and ORF8, together with RNA dependent RNA polymerase. In contrast, genes for envelope, membrane, ORF6, ORF7a and ORF7b showed no observable changes in terms of amino acid substitutions. Mutated SARS COV-2 at these particular sites has been associated with viral infectivity, false laboratory results and viral genome mutation and interferes with therapeutic targets. Interferences with therapeutic targets is frequently observed in genes for RdRp. Additionally, mutated viral genes for RdRp render slow fidelity of RdRp protein, resulting in a high mutation rate. Such a high mutation rate might allow new virulent forms of the virus to emerge and influence the disease profile. This review aimed to elaborate on the effect of genomic and amino acid sequence mutations on the virulence and therapeutic targets of SARS COV-2. To achieve this objective, multiple literatures have been reviewed. Dove 2021-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8214021/ /pubmed/34163183 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S307374 Text en © 2021 Kelta Wabalo et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) ). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).
spellingShingle Review
Kelta Wabalo, Endriyas
Dukessa Dubiwak, Abebe
Welde Senbetu, Mengistu
Sime Gizaw, Tariku
Effect of Genomic and Amino Acid Sequence Mutation on Virulence and Therapeutic Target of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS COV-2)
title Effect of Genomic and Amino Acid Sequence Mutation on Virulence and Therapeutic Target of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS COV-2)
title_full Effect of Genomic and Amino Acid Sequence Mutation on Virulence and Therapeutic Target of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS COV-2)
title_fullStr Effect of Genomic and Amino Acid Sequence Mutation on Virulence and Therapeutic Target of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS COV-2)
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Genomic and Amino Acid Sequence Mutation on Virulence and Therapeutic Target of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS COV-2)
title_short Effect of Genomic and Amino Acid Sequence Mutation on Virulence and Therapeutic Target of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS COV-2)
title_sort effect of genomic and amino acid sequence mutation on virulence and therapeutic target of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (sars cov-2)
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8214021/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34163183
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S307374
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