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Can the body slope of interference screw affect initial stability of reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament?: An in-vitro investigation

BACKGROUND: Superior biomechanical performance of tapered interference screws, compared with non-tapered screws, with reference to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction process, has been reported in the literature. However, the effect of tapered interference screw’s body slope on the i...

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Autores principales: Daneshvarhashjin, Nazanin, Chizari, Mahmoud, Mortazavi, Javad, Rouhi, Gholamreza
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8214255/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34144682
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04446-8
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author Daneshvarhashjin, Nazanin
Chizari, Mahmoud
Mortazavi, Javad
Rouhi, Gholamreza
author_facet Daneshvarhashjin, Nazanin
Chizari, Mahmoud
Mortazavi, Javad
Rouhi, Gholamreza
author_sort Daneshvarhashjin, Nazanin
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Superior biomechanical performance of tapered interference screws, compared with non-tapered screws, with reference to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction process, has been reported in the literature. However, the effect of tapered interference screw’s body slope on the initial stability of ACL is poorly understood. Thus, the main goal of this study was to investigate the effect of the interference screw’s body slope on the initial stability of the reconstructed ACL. METHODS: Based on the best screw-bone tunnel diameter ratios in non-tapered screws, two different tapered interference screws were designed and fabricated. The diameters of both screws were equal to bone tunnel diameter in one-third of their length from screw tip, then they were gradually increased by 1mm, in the lower slope (LSTIS), and 2 mm, in the higher slope (HSTIS) screws. To simulate the ACL reconstruction, sixteen soft tissue grafts were fixed, using HSTIS and LSTIS, in synthetic bone blocks. Through applying sub-failure cyclic incremental tensile load, graft-bone-screw construct’s stiffness and graft laxity in each cycle, also through applying subsequent step of loading graft to the failure, maximum load to failure, and graft’s mode of failure were determined. Accordingly, the performance of the fabricated interference screws was compared with each other. RESULTS: HSTIS provides a greater graft-bone-screw construct stiffness, and a lower graft laxity, compared to LSTIS. Moreover, transverse rupture of graft fibers for LSTIS, and necking of graft in the HSTIS group were the major types of grafts’ failure. CONCLUSIONS: HSTIS better replicates the intact ACL’s behavior, compared to LSTIS, by causing less damage in graft’s fibers; reducing graft laxity; and increasing fixation stability. Nonetheless, finding the optimal slope remains as an unknown and can be the subject of future studies.
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spelling pubmed-82142552021-06-23 Can the body slope of interference screw affect initial stability of reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament?: An in-vitro investigation Daneshvarhashjin, Nazanin Chizari, Mahmoud Mortazavi, Javad Rouhi, Gholamreza BMC Musculoskelet Disord Research BACKGROUND: Superior biomechanical performance of tapered interference screws, compared with non-tapered screws, with reference to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction process, has been reported in the literature. However, the effect of tapered interference screw’s body slope on the initial stability of ACL is poorly understood. Thus, the main goal of this study was to investigate the effect of the interference screw’s body slope on the initial stability of the reconstructed ACL. METHODS: Based on the best screw-bone tunnel diameter ratios in non-tapered screws, two different tapered interference screws were designed and fabricated. The diameters of both screws were equal to bone tunnel diameter in one-third of their length from screw tip, then they were gradually increased by 1mm, in the lower slope (LSTIS), and 2 mm, in the higher slope (HSTIS) screws. To simulate the ACL reconstruction, sixteen soft tissue grafts were fixed, using HSTIS and LSTIS, in synthetic bone blocks. Through applying sub-failure cyclic incremental tensile load, graft-bone-screw construct’s stiffness and graft laxity in each cycle, also through applying subsequent step of loading graft to the failure, maximum load to failure, and graft’s mode of failure were determined. Accordingly, the performance of the fabricated interference screws was compared with each other. RESULTS: HSTIS provides a greater graft-bone-screw construct stiffness, and a lower graft laxity, compared to LSTIS. Moreover, transverse rupture of graft fibers for LSTIS, and necking of graft in the HSTIS group were the major types of grafts’ failure. CONCLUSIONS: HSTIS better replicates the intact ACL’s behavior, compared to LSTIS, by causing less damage in graft’s fibers; reducing graft laxity; and increasing fixation stability. Nonetheless, finding the optimal slope remains as an unknown and can be the subject of future studies. BioMed Central 2021-06-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8214255/ /pubmed/34144682 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04446-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Daneshvarhashjin, Nazanin
Chizari, Mahmoud
Mortazavi, Javad
Rouhi, Gholamreza
Can the body slope of interference screw affect initial stability of reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament?: An in-vitro investigation
title Can the body slope of interference screw affect initial stability of reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament?: An in-vitro investigation
title_full Can the body slope of interference screw affect initial stability of reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament?: An in-vitro investigation
title_fullStr Can the body slope of interference screw affect initial stability of reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament?: An in-vitro investigation
title_full_unstemmed Can the body slope of interference screw affect initial stability of reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament?: An in-vitro investigation
title_short Can the body slope of interference screw affect initial stability of reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament?: An in-vitro investigation
title_sort can the body slope of interference screw affect initial stability of reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament?: an in-vitro investigation
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8214255/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34144682
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04446-8
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