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Potential and Realized Impact of Astroglia Ca(2 +) Dynamics on Circuit Function and Behavior

Astroglia display a wide range of spontaneous and behavioral state-dependent Ca(2+) dynamics. During heightened vigilance, noradrenergic signaling leads to quasi-synchronous Ca(2+) elevations encompassing soma and processes across the brain-wide astroglia network. Distinct from this vigilance-associ...

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Autores principales: Lim, Eunice Y., Ye, Liang, Paukert, Martin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8215280/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34163330
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2021.682888
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author Lim, Eunice Y.
Ye, Liang
Paukert, Martin
author_facet Lim, Eunice Y.
Ye, Liang
Paukert, Martin
author_sort Lim, Eunice Y.
collection PubMed
description Astroglia display a wide range of spontaneous and behavioral state-dependent Ca(2+) dynamics. During heightened vigilance, noradrenergic signaling leads to quasi-synchronous Ca(2+) elevations encompassing soma and processes across the brain-wide astroglia network. Distinct from this vigilance-associated global Ca(2+) rise are apparently spontaneous fluctuations within spatially restricted microdomains. Over the years, several strategies have been pursued to shed light on the physiological impact of these signals including deletion of endogenous ion channels or receptors and reduction of intracellular Ca(2+) through buffering, extrusion or inhibition of release. Some experiments that revealed the most compelling behavioral alterations employed chemogenetic and optogenetic manipulations to modify astroglia Ca(2+) signaling. However, there is considerable contrast between these findings and the comparatively modest effects of inhibiting endogenous sources of Ca(2+). In this review, we describe the underlying mechanisms of various forms of astroglia Ca(2+) signaling as well as the functional consequences of their inhibition. We then discuss how the effects of exogenous astroglia Ca(2+) modification combined with our knowledge of physiological mechanisms of astroglia Ca(2+) activation could guide further refinement of behavioral paradigms that will help elucidate the natural Ca(2+)-dependent function of astroglia.
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spelling pubmed-82152802021-06-22 Potential and Realized Impact of Astroglia Ca(2 +) Dynamics on Circuit Function and Behavior Lim, Eunice Y. Ye, Liang Paukert, Martin Front Cell Neurosci Neuroscience Astroglia display a wide range of spontaneous and behavioral state-dependent Ca(2+) dynamics. During heightened vigilance, noradrenergic signaling leads to quasi-synchronous Ca(2+) elevations encompassing soma and processes across the brain-wide astroglia network. Distinct from this vigilance-associated global Ca(2+) rise are apparently spontaneous fluctuations within spatially restricted microdomains. Over the years, several strategies have been pursued to shed light on the physiological impact of these signals including deletion of endogenous ion channels or receptors and reduction of intracellular Ca(2+) through buffering, extrusion or inhibition of release. Some experiments that revealed the most compelling behavioral alterations employed chemogenetic and optogenetic manipulations to modify astroglia Ca(2+) signaling. However, there is considerable contrast between these findings and the comparatively modest effects of inhibiting endogenous sources of Ca(2+). In this review, we describe the underlying mechanisms of various forms of astroglia Ca(2+) signaling as well as the functional consequences of their inhibition. We then discuss how the effects of exogenous astroglia Ca(2+) modification combined with our knowledge of physiological mechanisms of astroglia Ca(2+) activation could guide further refinement of behavioral paradigms that will help elucidate the natural Ca(2+)-dependent function of astroglia. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-06-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8215280/ /pubmed/34163330 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2021.682888 Text en Copyright © 2021 Lim, Ye and Paukert. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Lim, Eunice Y.
Ye, Liang
Paukert, Martin
Potential and Realized Impact of Astroglia Ca(2 +) Dynamics on Circuit Function and Behavior
title Potential and Realized Impact of Astroglia Ca(2 +) Dynamics on Circuit Function and Behavior
title_full Potential and Realized Impact of Astroglia Ca(2 +) Dynamics on Circuit Function and Behavior
title_fullStr Potential and Realized Impact of Astroglia Ca(2 +) Dynamics on Circuit Function and Behavior
title_full_unstemmed Potential and Realized Impact of Astroglia Ca(2 +) Dynamics on Circuit Function and Behavior
title_short Potential and Realized Impact of Astroglia Ca(2 +) Dynamics on Circuit Function and Behavior
title_sort potential and realized impact of astroglia ca(2 +) dynamics on circuit function and behavior
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8215280/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34163330
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2021.682888
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