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Postpartum Metabolism: How Does It Change from Pregnancy and What are the Potential Implications?

BACKGROUND: Metabolic dysfunction after pregnancy may have serious consequences for a new mother. The purpose of the study was to characterize basic changes that occur in metabolic profiles from late pregnancy through 4–6 months postpartum. A secondary purpose was to determine metabolic factors that...

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Autores principales: Tinius, Rachel A, Yoho, Kristin, Blankenship, Maire M, Maples, Jill M
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8216742/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34168507
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S314469
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author Tinius, Rachel A
Yoho, Kristin
Blankenship, Maire M
Maples, Jill M
author_facet Tinius, Rachel A
Yoho, Kristin
Blankenship, Maire M
Maples, Jill M
author_sort Tinius, Rachel A
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Metabolic dysfunction after pregnancy may have serious consequences for a new mother. The purpose of the study was to characterize basic changes that occur in metabolic profiles from late pregnancy through 4–6 months postpartum. A secondary purpose was to determine metabolic factors that may be contributing to postpartum weight retention. METHODS: Participants (n=25) came in for 2 visits: late pregnancy (~34 weeks gestation) and postpartum (4-6 months). Resting metabolic rate (RMR), respiratory quotient (RQ), and substrate oxidation values were assessed for 15 minutes during fasted conditions. Blood was drawn and skinfold anthropometry was performed to assess additional outcomes (inflammation, insulin resistance, lipid profiles, body composition). The participants completed a number of surveys that examined other lifestyle and demographic data of interest. At the postpartum visit, additional assessments regarding sleep and breastfeeding habits were administered. RESULTS: RMR was lower during postpartum (1517.2±225.1 kcal/day) compared to pregnancy (1867.9±302.6 kcal/day) (p<0.001), and remained lower when expressing RMR per kg body weight (postpartum: 22.3±2.7 vs pregnant: 23.7±3.4 kcal/kg, (p=0.034). Relative RMR (RMR per kg body weight) was negatively correlated to insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) during postpartum (r=−.463, p=0.034). Maternal HOMA-IR, inflammation (CRP), triglycerides (TAG), and carbohydrate oxidation were all positively correlated to postpartum weight retention (HOMA-IR: r=0.617, p=0.004; CRP: r=0.477, p=0.039, TAG: r=0.463, p=0.040; Carbohydrate Oxidation: (r=0.469, p=0.018). CONCLUSION: Metabolic rate is lower during postpartum compared to pregnancy, and may be connected to insulin resistance. Maternal insulin resistance, inflammation, blood lipids, and substrate metabolism are all related to postpartum weight retention.
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spelling pubmed-82167422021-06-23 Postpartum Metabolism: How Does It Change from Pregnancy and What are the Potential Implications? Tinius, Rachel A Yoho, Kristin Blankenship, Maire M Maples, Jill M Int J Womens Health Original Research BACKGROUND: Metabolic dysfunction after pregnancy may have serious consequences for a new mother. The purpose of the study was to characterize basic changes that occur in metabolic profiles from late pregnancy through 4–6 months postpartum. A secondary purpose was to determine metabolic factors that may be contributing to postpartum weight retention. METHODS: Participants (n=25) came in for 2 visits: late pregnancy (~34 weeks gestation) and postpartum (4-6 months). Resting metabolic rate (RMR), respiratory quotient (RQ), and substrate oxidation values were assessed for 15 minutes during fasted conditions. Blood was drawn and skinfold anthropometry was performed to assess additional outcomes (inflammation, insulin resistance, lipid profiles, body composition). The participants completed a number of surveys that examined other lifestyle and demographic data of interest. At the postpartum visit, additional assessments regarding sleep and breastfeeding habits were administered. RESULTS: RMR was lower during postpartum (1517.2±225.1 kcal/day) compared to pregnancy (1867.9±302.6 kcal/day) (p<0.001), and remained lower when expressing RMR per kg body weight (postpartum: 22.3±2.7 vs pregnant: 23.7±3.4 kcal/kg, (p=0.034). Relative RMR (RMR per kg body weight) was negatively correlated to insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) during postpartum (r=−.463, p=0.034). Maternal HOMA-IR, inflammation (CRP), triglycerides (TAG), and carbohydrate oxidation were all positively correlated to postpartum weight retention (HOMA-IR: r=0.617, p=0.004; CRP: r=0.477, p=0.039, TAG: r=0.463, p=0.040; Carbohydrate Oxidation: (r=0.469, p=0.018). CONCLUSION: Metabolic rate is lower during postpartum compared to pregnancy, and may be connected to insulin resistance. Maternal insulin resistance, inflammation, blood lipids, and substrate metabolism are all related to postpartum weight retention. Dove 2021-06-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8216742/ /pubmed/34168507 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S314469 Text en © 2021 Tinius et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) ). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).
spellingShingle Original Research
Tinius, Rachel A
Yoho, Kristin
Blankenship, Maire M
Maples, Jill M
Postpartum Metabolism: How Does It Change from Pregnancy and What are the Potential Implications?
title Postpartum Metabolism: How Does It Change from Pregnancy and What are the Potential Implications?
title_full Postpartum Metabolism: How Does It Change from Pregnancy and What are the Potential Implications?
title_fullStr Postpartum Metabolism: How Does It Change from Pregnancy and What are the Potential Implications?
title_full_unstemmed Postpartum Metabolism: How Does It Change from Pregnancy and What are the Potential Implications?
title_short Postpartum Metabolism: How Does It Change from Pregnancy and What are the Potential Implications?
title_sort postpartum metabolism: how does it change from pregnancy and what are the potential implications?
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8216742/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34168507
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S314469
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