Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Burden of Illness in Sweden

INTRODUCTION: Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disease that affects salivary and lachrymal glands and is associated with complex extraglandular manifestations. This study investigates the clinical and economic burden and disease course of pSS in Sweden. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study utilizes data from Swedish national registries and consists of patients at least 18 years of age diagnosed in secondary care with pSS, and matched members of the Swedish general population. Healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and costs were compared. The clinical burden of pSS during follow-up was explored via year-on-year prevalence of and time-to-first extraglandular manifestation. Employment status and retirement rates were used to investigate the impact of pSS on productivity. RESULTS: A total of 8884 patients with pSS and 88,233 general population comparators were included. Patients with pSS had significantly higher rates of HRU and higher healthcare costs than matched comparators, including twice as many outpatient visits. Costs were highest in year 1 post index before reducing in years 2 and 3 and stabilizing thereafter. Almost two-thirds of patients received their index diagnosis during an outpatient visit, and < 30% of diagnoses were from rheumatology departments. Overall, 41% of patients experienced a healthcare encounter that included a relevant extraglandular manifestation code during follow-up. Patients with pSS had significantly higher odds of early retirement than the general population at 5 years post index. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with pSS experience a high clinical and economic disease burden in Sweden. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40744-021-00314-y.