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Environmental characteristics around the household and their association with hookworm infection in rural communities from Bahir Dar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) are highly prevalent Neglected Tropical Disease in Ethiopia, an estimated 26 million are infected. Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing (RS) technologies assist data mapping and analysis, and the prediction of the spatial distribution of infection in rel...

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Autores principales: Anegagrie, Melaku, Lanfri, Sofía, Aramendia, Aranzazu Amor, Scavuzzo, Carlos Matías, Herrador, Zaida, Benito, Agustín, Periago, Maria Victoria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8219153/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34157019
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009466
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author Anegagrie, Melaku
Lanfri, Sofía
Aramendia, Aranzazu Amor
Scavuzzo, Carlos Matías
Herrador, Zaida
Benito, Agustín
Periago, Maria Victoria
author_facet Anegagrie, Melaku
Lanfri, Sofía
Aramendia, Aranzazu Amor
Scavuzzo, Carlos Matías
Herrador, Zaida
Benito, Agustín
Periago, Maria Victoria
author_sort Anegagrie, Melaku
collection PubMed
description Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) are highly prevalent Neglected Tropical Disease in Ethiopia, an estimated 26 million are infected. Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing (RS) technologies assist data mapping and analysis, and the prediction of the spatial distribution of infection in relation to environmental variables. The influence of socioeconomic, environmental and soil characteristics on hookworm infection at the individual and household level is explored in order to identify spatial patterns of infection in rural villages from Zenzelema (Amhara region). Inhabitants greater than 5 years old were recruited in order to assess the presence of STH. Socioeconomic and hookworm infection variables at the household level and environmental variables and soil characteristics using RS were obtained. The dominant STH found was hookworm. Individuals which practiced open defecation and those without electricity had a significant higher number of hookworm eggs in their stool. Additionally, adults showed statistically higher hookworm egg counts than children. Nonetheless, the probability of hookworm infection was not determined by socioeconomic conditions but by environmental characteristics surrounding the households, including a combination of vigorous vegetation and bare soil, high temperatures, and compacted soils (high bulk density) with more acidic pH, given a pH of 6.0 is optimal for hatching of hookworm eggs. The identification of high-risk environmental areas provides a useful tool for planning, targeting and monitoring of control measures, including not only children but also adults when hookworm is concerned.
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spelling pubmed-82191532021-07-07 Environmental characteristics around the household and their association with hookworm infection in rural communities from Bahir Dar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia Anegagrie, Melaku Lanfri, Sofía Aramendia, Aranzazu Amor Scavuzzo, Carlos Matías Herrador, Zaida Benito, Agustín Periago, Maria Victoria PLoS Negl Trop Dis Research Article Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) are highly prevalent Neglected Tropical Disease in Ethiopia, an estimated 26 million are infected. Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing (RS) technologies assist data mapping and analysis, and the prediction of the spatial distribution of infection in relation to environmental variables. The influence of socioeconomic, environmental and soil characteristics on hookworm infection at the individual and household level is explored in order to identify spatial patterns of infection in rural villages from Zenzelema (Amhara region). Inhabitants greater than 5 years old were recruited in order to assess the presence of STH. Socioeconomic and hookworm infection variables at the household level and environmental variables and soil characteristics using RS were obtained. The dominant STH found was hookworm. Individuals which practiced open defecation and those without electricity had a significant higher number of hookworm eggs in their stool. Additionally, adults showed statistically higher hookworm egg counts than children. Nonetheless, the probability of hookworm infection was not determined by socioeconomic conditions but by environmental characteristics surrounding the households, including a combination of vigorous vegetation and bare soil, high temperatures, and compacted soils (high bulk density) with more acidic pH, given a pH of 6.0 is optimal for hatching of hookworm eggs. The identification of high-risk environmental areas provides a useful tool for planning, targeting and monitoring of control measures, including not only children but also adults when hookworm is concerned. Public Library of Science 2021-06-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8219153/ /pubmed/34157019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009466 Text en © 2021 Anegagrie et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Anegagrie, Melaku
Lanfri, Sofía
Aramendia, Aranzazu Amor
Scavuzzo, Carlos Matías
Herrador, Zaida
Benito, Agustín
Periago, Maria Victoria
Environmental characteristics around the household and their association with hookworm infection in rural communities from Bahir Dar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
title Environmental characteristics around the household and their association with hookworm infection in rural communities from Bahir Dar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
title_full Environmental characteristics around the household and their association with hookworm infection in rural communities from Bahir Dar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
title_fullStr Environmental characteristics around the household and their association with hookworm infection in rural communities from Bahir Dar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
title_full_unstemmed Environmental characteristics around the household and their association with hookworm infection in rural communities from Bahir Dar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
title_short Environmental characteristics around the household and their association with hookworm infection in rural communities from Bahir Dar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
title_sort environmental characteristics around the household and their association with hookworm infection in rural communities from bahir dar, amhara region, ethiopia
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8219153/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34157019
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009466
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