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Impact of Alcohol Abuse on Susceptibility to Rare Neurodegenerative Diseases

Despite the prevalence and well-recognized adverse effects of prenatal alcohol exposure and alcohol use disorder in the causation of numerous diseases, their potential roles in the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases remain poorly characterized. This is especially true of the rare neurodegenerati...

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Autores principales: Araujo, Iskra, Henriksen, Amy, Gamsby, Joshua, Gulick, Danielle
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8220155/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34179073
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2021.643273
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author Araujo, Iskra
Henriksen, Amy
Gamsby, Joshua
Gulick, Danielle
author_facet Araujo, Iskra
Henriksen, Amy
Gamsby, Joshua
Gulick, Danielle
author_sort Araujo, Iskra
collection PubMed
description Despite the prevalence and well-recognized adverse effects of prenatal alcohol exposure and alcohol use disorder in the causation of numerous diseases, their potential roles in the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases remain poorly characterized. This is especially true of the rare neurodegenerative diseases, for which small population sizes make it difficult to conduct broad studies of specific etiological factors. Nonetheless, alcohol has potent and long-lasting effects on neurodegenerative substrates, at both the cellular and systems levels. This review highlights the general effects of alcohol in the brain that contribute to neurodegeneration across diseases, and then focuses on specific diseases in which alcohol exposure is likely to play a major role. These specific diseases include dementias (alcohol-induced, frontotemporal, and Korsakoff syndrome), ataxias (cerebellar and frontal), and Niemann-Pick disease (primarily a Type B variant and Type C). We conclude that there is ample evidence to support a role of alcohol abuse in the etiology of these diseases, but more work is needed to identify the primary mechanisms of alcohol’s effects.
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spelling pubmed-82201552021-06-24 Impact of Alcohol Abuse on Susceptibility to Rare Neurodegenerative Diseases Araujo, Iskra Henriksen, Amy Gamsby, Joshua Gulick, Danielle Front Mol Biosci Molecular Biosciences Despite the prevalence and well-recognized adverse effects of prenatal alcohol exposure and alcohol use disorder in the causation of numerous diseases, their potential roles in the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases remain poorly characterized. This is especially true of the rare neurodegenerative diseases, for which small population sizes make it difficult to conduct broad studies of specific etiological factors. Nonetheless, alcohol has potent and long-lasting effects on neurodegenerative substrates, at both the cellular and systems levels. This review highlights the general effects of alcohol in the brain that contribute to neurodegeneration across diseases, and then focuses on specific diseases in which alcohol exposure is likely to play a major role. These specific diseases include dementias (alcohol-induced, frontotemporal, and Korsakoff syndrome), ataxias (cerebellar and frontal), and Niemann-Pick disease (primarily a Type B variant and Type C). We conclude that there is ample evidence to support a role of alcohol abuse in the etiology of these diseases, but more work is needed to identify the primary mechanisms of alcohol’s effects. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8220155/ /pubmed/34179073 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2021.643273 Text en Copyright © 2021 Araujo, Henriksen, Gamsby and Gulick. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Molecular Biosciences
Araujo, Iskra
Henriksen, Amy
Gamsby, Joshua
Gulick, Danielle
Impact of Alcohol Abuse on Susceptibility to Rare Neurodegenerative Diseases
title Impact of Alcohol Abuse on Susceptibility to Rare Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_full Impact of Alcohol Abuse on Susceptibility to Rare Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_fullStr Impact of Alcohol Abuse on Susceptibility to Rare Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_full_unstemmed Impact of Alcohol Abuse on Susceptibility to Rare Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_short Impact of Alcohol Abuse on Susceptibility to Rare Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_sort impact of alcohol abuse on susceptibility to rare neurodegenerative diseases
topic Molecular Biosciences
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8220155/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34179073
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2021.643273
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