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A risk of bias instrument for non-randomized studies of exposures: A users’ guide to its application in the context of GRADE
The objective of this paper is to explain how to apply, interpret, and present the results of a new instrument to assess the risk of bias (RoB) in non-randomized studies (NRS) dealing with effects of environmental exposures on health outcomes. This instrument is modeled on the Risk Of Bias In Non-ra...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8221004/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30473382 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.11.004 |
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author | Morgan, Rebecca L. Thayer, Kristina A. Santesso, Nancy Holloway, Alison C. Blain, Robyn Eftim, Sorina E. Goldstone, Alexandra E. Ross, Pam Ansari, Mohammed Akl, Elie A Filippini, Tommaso Hansell, Anna Meerpohl, Joerg J. Mustafa, Reem A. Verbeek, Jos Vinceti, Marco Whaley, Paul Schünemann, Holger J. |
author_facet | Morgan, Rebecca L. Thayer, Kristina A. Santesso, Nancy Holloway, Alison C. Blain, Robyn Eftim, Sorina E. Goldstone, Alexandra E. Ross, Pam Ansari, Mohammed Akl, Elie A Filippini, Tommaso Hansell, Anna Meerpohl, Joerg J. Mustafa, Reem A. Verbeek, Jos Vinceti, Marco Whaley, Paul Schünemann, Holger J. |
author_sort | Morgan, Rebecca L. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The objective of this paper is to explain how to apply, interpret, and present the results of a new instrument to assess the risk of bias (RoB) in non-randomized studies (NRS) dealing with effects of environmental exposures on health outcomes. This instrument is modeled on the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) instrument. The RoB instrument for NRS of exposures assesses RoB along a standardized comparison to a randomized target experiment, instead of the study-design directed RoB approach. We provide specific guidance for the integral steps of developing a research question and target experiment, distinguishing issues of indirectness from RoB, making individual-study judgments, and performing and interpreting sensitivity analyses for RoB judgments across a body of evidence. Also, we present an approach for integrating the RoB assessments within the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework to assess the certainty of the evidence in the systematic review. Finally, we guide the reader through an overall assessment to support the rating of all domains that determine the certainty of a body of evidence using the GRADE approach. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8221004 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82210042021-06-23 A risk of bias instrument for non-randomized studies of exposures: A users’ guide to its application in the context of GRADE Morgan, Rebecca L. Thayer, Kristina A. Santesso, Nancy Holloway, Alison C. Blain, Robyn Eftim, Sorina E. Goldstone, Alexandra E. Ross, Pam Ansari, Mohammed Akl, Elie A Filippini, Tommaso Hansell, Anna Meerpohl, Joerg J. Mustafa, Reem A. Verbeek, Jos Vinceti, Marco Whaley, Paul Schünemann, Holger J. Environ Int Article The objective of this paper is to explain how to apply, interpret, and present the results of a new instrument to assess the risk of bias (RoB) in non-randomized studies (NRS) dealing with effects of environmental exposures on health outcomes. This instrument is modeled on the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) instrument. The RoB instrument for NRS of exposures assesses RoB along a standardized comparison to a randomized target experiment, instead of the study-design directed RoB approach. We provide specific guidance for the integral steps of developing a research question and target experiment, distinguishing issues of indirectness from RoB, making individual-study judgments, and performing and interpreting sensitivity analyses for RoB judgments across a body of evidence. Also, we present an approach for integrating the RoB assessments within the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework to assess the certainty of the evidence in the systematic review. Finally, we guide the reader through an overall assessment to support the rating of all domains that determine the certainty of a body of evidence using the GRADE approach. 2018-11-22 2019-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8221004/ /pubmed/30473382 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.11.004 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under CC BY-NC-ND license. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) ) |
spellingShingle | Article Morgan, Rebecca L. Thayer, Kristina A. Santesso, Nancy Holloway, Alison C. Blain, Robyn Eftim, Sorina E. Goldstone, Alexandra E. Ross, Pam Ansari, Mohammed Akl, Elie A Filippini, Tommaso Hansell, Anna Meerpohl, Joerg J. Mustafa, Reem A. Verbeek, Jos Vinceti, Marco Whaley, Paul Schünemann, Holger J. A risk of bias instrument for non-randomized studies of exposures: A users’ guide to its application in the context of GRADE |
title | A risk of bias instrument for non-randomized studies of exposures: A users’ guide to its application in the context of GRADE |
title_full | A risk of bias instrument for non-randomized studies of exposures: A users’ guide to its application in the context of GRADE |
title_fullStr | A risk of bias instrument for non-randomized studies of exposures: A users’ guide to its application in the context of GRADE |
title_full_unstemmed | A risk of bias instrument for non-randomized studies of exposures: A users’ guide to its application in the context of GRADE |
title_short | A risk of bias instrument for non-randomized studies of exposures: A users’ guide to its application in the context of GRADE |
title_sort | risk of bias instrument for non-randomized studies of exposures: a users’ guide to its application in the context of grade |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8221004/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30473382 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.11.004 |
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