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Health risk assessment of exposure to toxic elements resulting from consumption of dried wild-grown mushrooms available for sale
Mushrooms exhibit a high ability to accumulate potentially toxic elements. The legal regulations in force in the European Union countries do not define the maximum content of elements in dried wild-grown mushrooms. This study presents the content of mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8221490/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34161345 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252834 |
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author | Orywal, Karolina Socha, Katarzyna Nowakowski, Patryk Zoń, Wojciech Kaczyński, Piotr Mroczko, Barbara Łozowicka, Bożena Perkowski, Maciej |
author_facet | Orywal, Karolina Socha, Katarzyna Nowakowski, Patryk Zoń, Wojciech Kaczyński, Piotr Mroczko, Barbara Łozowicka, Bożena Perkowski, Maciej |
author_sort | Orywal, Karolina |
collection | PubMed |
description | Mushrooms exhibit a high ability to accumulate potentially toxic elements. The legal regulations in force in the European Union countries do not define the maximum content of elements in dried wild-grown mushrooms. This study presents the content of mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) determined in dried wild-grown mushrooms (Boletus edulis and Xerocomus badius) available for sale. Moreover, the health risk associated with their consumption is assessed. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Cd, Pb, As) and atomic absorption spectrometry (Hg) were used. The mean Hg, Cd, Pb and As concentration in Boletus edulis was 3.039±1.092, 1.983±1.145, 1.156±1.049 and 0.897±0.469 mg/kg and in Xerocomus badius 0.102±0.020, 1.154±0.596, 0.928±1.810 and 0.278±0.108 mg/kg, respectively. The maximum value of the hazard index (HI) showed that the consumption of a standard portion of dried Boletus edulis may have negative consequences for health and corresponded to 76.2%, 34.1%, 33% and 4.3% of the maximum daily doses of Hg, Cd, Pb and As, respectively. The results indicate that the content of toxic elements in dried wild-grown mushrooms should be monitored. The issue constitutes a legal niche where unfavourable EU regulations may pose a threat to food safety and consumer health. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8221490 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82214902021-07-07 Health risk assessment of exposure to toxic elements resulting from consumption of dried wild-grown mushrooms available for sale Orywal, Karolina Socha, Katarzyna Nowakowski, Patryk Zoń, Wojciech Kaczyński, Piotr Mroczko, Barbara Łozowicka, Bożena Perkowski, Maciej PLoS One Research Article Mushrooms exhibit a high ability to accumulate potentially toxic elements. The legal regulations in force in the European Union countries do not define the maximum content of elements in dried wild-grown mushrooms. This study presents the content of mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) determined in dried wild-grown mushrooms (Boletus edulis and Xerocomus badius) available for sale. Moreover, the health risk associated with their consumption is assessed. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Cd, Pb, As) and atomic absorption spectrometry (Hg) were used. The mean Hg, Cd, Pb and As concentration in Boletus edulis was 3.039±1.092, 1.983±1.145, 1.156±1.049 and 0.897±0.469 mg/kg and in Xerocomus badius 0.102±0.020, 1.154±0.596, 0.928±1.810 and 0.278±0.108 mg/kg, respectively. The maximum value of the hazard index (HI) showed that the consumption of a standard portion of dried Boletus edulis may have negative consequences for health and corresponded to 76.2%, 34.1%, 33% and 4.3% of the maximum daily doses of Hg, Cd, Pb and As, respectively. The results indicate that the content of toxic elements in dried wild-grown mushrooms should be monitored. The issue constitutes a legal niche where unfavourable EU regulations may pose a threat to food safety and consumer health. Public Library of Science 2021-06-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8221490/ /pubmed/34161345 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252834 Text en © 2021 Orywal et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Orywal, Karolina Socha, Katarzyna Nowakowski, Patryk Zoń, Wojciech Kaczyński, Piotr Mroczko, Barbara Łozowicka, Bożena Perkowski, Maciej Health risk assessment of exposure to toxic elements resulting from consumption of dried wild-grown mushrooms available for sale |
title | Health risk assessment of exposure to toxic elements resulting from consumption of dried wild-grown mushrooms available for sale |
title_full | Health risk assessment of exposure to toxic elements resulting from consumption of dried wild-grown mushrooms available for sale |
title_fullStr | Health risk assessment of exposure to toxic elements resulting from consumption of dried wild-grown mushrooms available for sale |
title_full_unstemmed | Health risk assessment of exposure to toxic elements resulting from consumption of dried wild-grown mushrooms available for sale |
title_short | Health risk assessment of exposure to toxic elements resulting from consumption of dried wild-grown mushrooms available for sale |
title_sort | health risk assessment of exposure to toxic elements resulting from consumption of dried wild-grown mushrooms available for sale |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8221490/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34161345 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252834 |
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