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Effects of COVID-19 lockdowns on fine particulate matter concentrations
Lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic provide an unprecedented opportunity to examine the effects of human activity on air quality. The effects on fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)) are of particular interest, as PM(2.5) is the leading environmental risk factor for mortality globally. We map global...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Association for the Advancement of Science
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8221629/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34162552 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abg7670 |
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author | Hammer, Melanie S. van Donkelaar, Aaron Martin, Randall V. McDuffie, Erin E. Lyapustin, Alexei Sayer, Andrew M. Hsu, N. Christina Levy, Robert C. Garay, Michael J. Kalashnikova, Olga V. Kahn, Ralph A. |
author_facet | Hammer, Melanie S. van Donkelaar, Aaron Martin, Randall V. McDuffie, Erin E. Lyapustin, Alexei Sayer, Andrew M. Hsu, N. Christina Levy, Robert C. Garay, Michael J. Kalashnikova, Olga V. Kahn, Ralph A. |
author_sort | Hammer, Melanie S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic provide an unprecedented opportunity to examine the effects of human activity on air quality. The effects on fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)) are of particular interest, as PM(2.5) is the leading environmental risk factor for mortality globally. We map global PM(2.5) concentrations for January to April 2020 with a focus on China, Europe, and North America using a combination of satellite data, simulation, and ground-based observations. We examine PM(2.5) concentrations during lockdown periods in 2020 compared to the same periods in 2018 to 2019. We find changes in population-weighted mean PM(2.5) concentrations during the lockdowns of −11 to −15 μg/m(3) across China, +1 to −2 μg/m(3) across Europe, and 0 to −2 μg/m(3) across North America. We explain these changes through a combination of meteorology and emission reductions, mostly due to transportation. This work demonstrates regional differences in the sensitivity of PM(2.5) to emission sources. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8221629 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | American Association for the Advancement of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82216292021-07-01 Effects of COVID-19 lockdowns on fine particulate matter concentrations Hammer, Melanie S. van Donkelaar, Aaron Martin, Randall V. McDuffie, Erin E. Lyapustin, Alexei Sayer, Andrew M. Hsu, N. Christina Levy, Robert C. Garay, Michael J. Kalashnikova, Olga V. Kahn, Ralph A. Sci Adv Research Articles Lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic provide an unprecedented opportunity to examine the effects of human activity on air quality. The effects on fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)) are of particular interest, as PM(2.5) is the leading environmental risk factor for mortality globally. We map global PM(2.5) concentrations for January to April 2020 with a focus on China, Europe, and North America using a combination of satellite data, simulation, and ground-based observations. We examine PM(2.5) concentrations during lockdown periods in 2020 compared to the same periods in 2018 to 2019. We find changes in population-weighted mean PM(2.5) concentrations during the lockdowns of −11 to −15 μg/m(3) across China, +1 to −2 μg/m(3) across Europe, and 0 to −2 μg/m(3) across North America. We explain these changes through a combination of meteorology and emission reductions, mostly due to transportation. This work demonstrates regional differences in the sensitivity of PM(2.5) to emission sources. American Association for the Advancement of Science 2021-06-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8221629/ /pubmed/34162552 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abg7670 Text en Copyright © 2021 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Articles Hammer, Melanie S. van Donkelaar, Aaron Martin, Randall V. McDuffie, Erin E. Lyapustin, Alexei Sayer, Andrew M. Hsu, N. Christina Levy, Robert C. Garay, Michael J. Kalashnikova, Olga V. Kahn, Ralph A. Effects of COVID-19 lockdowns on fine particulate matter concentrations |
title | Effects of COVID-19 lockdowns on fine particulate matter concentrations |
title_full | Effects of COVID-19 lockdowns on fine particulate matter concentrations |
title_fullStr | Effects of COVID-19 lockdowns on fine particulate matter concentrations |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of COVID-19 lockdowns on fine particulate matter concentrations |
title_short | Effects of COVID-19 lockdowns on fine particulate matter concentrations |
title_sort | effects of covid-19 lockdowns on fine particulate matter concentrations |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8221629/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34162552 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abg7670 |
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