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Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of the Human Endometrial Fluid during the Natural Cycle
PURPOSE: Some microbiota patterns have been associated with favorable IVF prognosis and others with pathological conditions. The endometrial fluid aspirate (EFA) contains antibacterial proteins that are enriched in implantative IVF cycles, but the antimicrobial effect of EFA has not been addressed....
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8221874/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34220191 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8849664 |
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author | Bregón-Villahoz, Marta Moragues, Maria-Dolores Arrieta-Aguirre, Inés Azkargorta, Mikel Lainz, Lucía Diez-Zapirain, Miren Iglesias, Maria Prieto, Maria-Begoña Matorras, Ana Exposito, Antonia Elortza, Felix Matorras, Roberto |
author_facet | Bregón-Villahoz, Marta Moragues, Maria-Dolores Arrieta-Aguirre, Inés Azkargorta, Mikel Lainz, Lucía Diez-Zapirain, Miren Iglesias, Maria Prieto, Maria-Begoña Matorras, Ana Exposito, Antonia Elortza, Felix Matorras, Roberto |
author_sort | Bregón-Villahoz, Marta |
collection | PubMed |
description | PURPOSE: Some microbiota patterns have been associated with favorable IVF prognosis and others with pathological conditions. The endometrial fluid aspirate (EFA) contains antibacterial proteins that are enriched in implantative IVF cycles, but the antimicrobial effect of EFA has not been addressed. We aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the human endometrial fluid during the natural cycle. METHODS: EFA was obtained through an embryo transfer catheter in 38 women, aged 18-40 years, with regular cycles attending to a fertility clinic. The antimicrobial activity of EFAs was tested against two strains of Staphylococcus aureus; one strain each of Streptococcus agalactiae, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae; and three yeasts (Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Candida krusei). RESULTS: All samples exhibited antibacterial activity against S. aureus. In addition, 32.4% of EFAs were active against one of the other microorganisms assayed, 16.2% against two, and 5.4% against four of them. In contrast, none exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli or K. pneumoniae. The antimicrobial activity differs considerably between EFA samples, and we failed to observe a cycle-related pattern. CONCLUSIONS: EFA presented two antimicrobial activity patterns: (a) one common to all the samples, exhibiting activity against S. aureus and lack of activity against E. coli and K. pneumoniae, and (b) an individualized pattern, showing activity against some of the other microorganisms tested. The intensity of antibacterial activity differs between EFA samples. Our data suggest that the uterine microbiota is controlled by means of endometrial fluid components. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8221874 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Hindawi |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82218742021-07-02 Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of the Human Endometrial Fluid during the Natural Cycle Bregón-Villahoz, Marta Moragues, Maria-Dolores Arrieta-Aguirre, Inés Azkargorta, Mikel Lainz, Lucía Diez-Zapirain, Miren Iglesias, Maria Prieto, Maria-Begoña Matorras, Ana Exposito, Antonia Elortza, Felix Matorras, Roberto Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol Research Article PURPOSE: Some microbiota patterns have been associated with favorable IVF prognosis and others with pathological conditions. The endometrial fluid aspirate (EFA) contains antibacterial proteins that are enriched in implantative IVF cycles, but the antimicrobial effect of EFA has not been addressed. We aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the human endometrial fluid during the natural cycle. METHODS: EFA was obtained through an embryo transfer catheter in 38 women, aged 18-40 years, with regular cycles attending to a fertility clinic. The antimicrobial activity of EFAs was tested against two strains of Staphylococcus aureus; one strain each of Streptococcus agalactiae, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae; and three yeasts (Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Candida krusei). RESULTS: All samples exhibited antibacterial activity against S. aureus. In addition, 32.4% of EFAs were active against one of the other microorganisms assayed, 16.2% against two, and 5.4% against four of them. In contrast, none exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli or K. pneumoniae. The antimicrobial activity differs considerably between EFA samples, and we failed to observe a cycle-related pattern. CONCLUSIONS: EFA presented two antimicrobial activity patterns: (a) one common to all the samples, exhibiting activity against S. aureus and lack of activity against E. coli and K. pneumoniae, and (b) an individualized pattern, showing activity against some of the other microorganisms tested. The intensity of antibacterial activity differs between EFA samples. Our data suggest that the uterine microbiota is controlled by means of endometrial fluid components. Hindawi 2021-06-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8221874/ /pubmed/34220191 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8849664 Text en Copyright © 2021 Marta Bregón-Villahoz et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Bregón-Villahoz, Marta Moragues, Maria-Dolores Arrieta-Aguirre, Inés Azkargorta, Mikel Lainz, Lucía Diez-Zapirain, Miren Iglesias, Maria Prieto, Maria-Begoña Matorras, Ana Exposito, Antonia Elortza, Felix Matorras, Roberto Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of the Human Endometrial Fluid during the Natural Cycle |
title | Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of the Human Endometrial Fluid during the Natural Cycle |
title_full | Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of the Human Endometrial Fluid during the Natural Cycle |
title_fullStr | Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of the Human Endometrial Fluid during the Natural Cycle |
title_full_unstemmed | Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of the Human Endometrial Fluid during the Natural Cycle |
title_short | Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of the Human Endometrial Fluid during the Natural Cycle |
title_sort | antibacterial and antifungal activity of the human endometrial fluid during the natural cycle |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8221874/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34220191 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8849664 |
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