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Task-dependent effects of nicotine treatment on auditory performance in young-adult and elderly human nonsmokers
Electrophysiological studies show that nicotine enhances neural responses to characteristic frequency stimuli. Previous behavioral studies partially corroborate these findings in young adults, showing that nicotine selectively enhances auditory processing in difficult listening conditions. The prese...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8222263/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34162968 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92588-z |
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author | Sun, Shuping Kapolowicz, Michelle R. Richardson, Matthew Metherate, Raju Zeng, Fan-Gang |
author_facet | Sun, Shuping Kapolowicz, Michelle R. Richardson, Matthew Metherate, Raju Zeng, Fan-Gang |
author_sort | Sun, Shuping |
collection | PubMed |
description | Electrophysiological studies show that nicotine enhances neural responses to characteristic frequency stimuli. Previous behavioral studies partially corroborate these findings in young adults, showing that nicotine selectively enhances auditory processing in difficult listening conditions. The present work extended previous work to include both young and older adults and assessed the nicotine effect on sound frequency and intensity discrimination. Hypotheses were that nicotine improves auditory performance and that the degree of improvement is inversely proportional to baseline performance. Young (19–23 years old) normal-hearing nonsmokers and elderly (61–80) nonsmokers with normal hearing between 500 and 2000 Hz received nicotine gum (6 mg) or placebo gum in a single-blind, randomized crossover design. Participants performed three experiments (frequency discrimination, frequency modulation identification, and intensity discrimination) before and after treatment. The perceptual differences were analyzed between pre- and post-treatment, as well as between post-treatment nicotine and placebo conditions as a function of pre-treatment baseline performance. Compared to pre-treatment performance, nicotine significantly improved frequency discrimination. Compared to placebo, nicotine significantly improved performance for intensity discrimination, and the improvement was more pronounced in the elderly with lower baseline performance. Nicotine had no effect on frequency modulation identification. Nicotine effects are task-dependent, reflecting possible interplays of subjects, tasks and neural mechanisms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8222263 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82222632021-06-24 Task-dependent effects of nicotine treatment on auditory performance in young-adult and elderly human nonsmokers Sun, Shuping Kapolowicz, Michelle R. Richardson, Matthew Metherate, Raju Zeng, Fan-Gang Sci Rep Article Electrophysiological studies show that nicotine enhances neural responses to characteristic frequency stimuli. Previous behavioral studies partially corroborate these findings in young adults, showing that nicotine selectively enhances auditory processing in difficult listening conditions. The present work extended previous work to include both young and older adults and assessed the nicotine effect on sound frequency and intensity discrimination. Hypotheses were that nicotine improves auditory performance and that the degree of improvement is inversely proportional to baseline performance. Young (19–23 years old) normal-hearing nonsmokers and elderly (61–80) nonsmokers with normal hearing between 500 and 2000 Hz received nicotine gum (6 mg) or placebo gum in a single-blind, randomized crossover design. Participants performed three experiments (frequency discrimination, frequency modulation identification, and intensity discrimination) before and after treatment. The perceptual differences were analyzed between pre- and post-treatment, as well as between post-treatment nicotine and placebo conditions as a function of pre-treatment baseline performance. Compared to pre-treatment performance, nicotine significantly improved frequency discrimination. Compared to placebo, nicotine significantly improved performance for intensity discrimination, and the improvement was more pronounced in the elderly with lower baseline performance. Nicotine had no effect on frequency modulation identification. Nicotine effects are task-dependent, reflecting possible interplays of subjects, tasks and neural mechanisms. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-06-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8222263/ /pubmed/34162968 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92588-z Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Sun, Shuping Kapolowicz, Michelle R. Richardson, Matthew Metherate, Raju Zeng, Fan-Gang Task-dependent effects of nicotine treatment on auditory performance in young-adult and elderly human nonsmokers |
title | Task-dependent effects of nicotine treatment on auditory performance in young-adult and elderly human nonsmokers |
title_full | Task-dependent effects of nicotine treatment on auditory performance in young-adult and elderly human nonsmokers |
title_fullStr | Task-dependent effects of nicotine treatment on auditory performance in young-adult and elderly human nonsmokers |
title_full_unstemmed | Task-dependent effects of nicotine treatment on auditory performance in young-adult and elderly human nonsmokers |
title_short | Task-dependent effects of nicotine treatment on auditory performance in young-adult and elderly human nonsmokers |
title_sort | task-dependent effects of nicotine treatment on auditory performance in young-adult and elderly human nonsmokers |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8222263/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34162968 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92588-z |
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