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Oral mucosa and Streptococcus mutans count in the saliva. Does graphene oxide nanoparticle mouthwash have a good effect?

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the effect of graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles mouthwash on oral mucosa, Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) count in the saliva of rats, and human enamel surface microhardness, in comparison with fluoride mouthwash. METHODS: This study was conducted in two phase...

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Autores principales: Eshaghi Gorji, Fatemeh, Seyedmajidi, Maryam, Asgharpours, Fariba, Tashakorian, Hamed, Moghadamnia, Ali-akbar, Kazemi, Sohrab, Alaghehmand, Homayoon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Babol University of Medical Sciences 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8223048/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34221286
http://dx.doi.org/10.22088/cjim.12.3.342
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author Eshaghi Gorji, Fatemeh
Seyedmajidi, Maryam
Asgharpours, Fariba
Tashakorian, Hamed
Moghadamnia, Ali-akbar
Kazemi, Sohrab
Alaghehmand, Homayoon
author_facet Eshaghi Gorji, Fatemeh
Seyedmajidi, Maryam
Asgharpours, Fariba
Tashakorian, Hamed
Moghadamnia, Ali-akbar
Kazemi, Sohrab
Alaghehmand, Homayoon
author_sort Eshaghi Gorji, Fatemeh
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the effect of graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles mouthwash on oral mucosa, Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) count in the saliva of rats, and human enamel surface microhardness, in comparison with fluoride mouthwash. METHODS: This study was conducted in two phases namely an animal study, and an in vitro experimental study. GO mouthwash (0.005%), sodium fluoride (NaF) mouthwash (0.05%), and a combination of both (0.05% NaF-0.005% GO) were prepared. The oral cavity of 36 rats was inoculated with S. mutans, and they were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the type of mouthwash. The control group received saline mouthwash. Fourteen days after using the mouthwashes, all rats were sacrificed, and the salivary S. mutans count was measured. The buccal and tongue mucosa were also histologically examined for the type and severity of inflammation, number of blood vessels, epithelial thickness, and epithelial keratinization. For microhardness testing, 40 sound extracted human premolars were randomly assigned to four groups (n=10) of culture medium with S. mutans and different mouthwashes. The enamel microhardness was measured at 7 and 14 days, and compared with the baseline value. RESULTS: The mean S. mutans count in the saliva of rats in GO and NaF-GO groups was significantly lower than that in other groups (p<0.001). Enamel microhardness in NaF and NaF-GO groups significantly increased at 7 and 14 days, compared with baseline. CONCLUSION: Addition of GO nanoparticles improved the antibacterial properties without causing adverse mucosal effects such as ulceration, acute inflammation or atrophy of the epithelium of the oral mucosa, but had no effect on surface hardness of the enamel.
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spelling pubmed-82230482021-07-01 Oral mucosa and Streptococcus mutans count in the saliva. Does graphene oxide nanoparticle mouthwash have a good effect? Eshaghi Gorji, Fatemeh Seyedmajidi, Maryam Asgharpours, Fariba Tashakorian, Hamed Moghadamnia, Ali-akbar Kazemi, Sohrab Alaghehmand, Homayoon Caspian J Intern Med Original Article BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the effect of graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles mouthwash on oral mucosa, Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) count in the saliva of rats, and human enamel surface microhardness, in comparison with fluoride mouthwash. METHODS: This study was conducted in two phases namely an animal study, and an in vitro experimental study. GO mouthwash (0.005%), sodium fluoride (NaF) mouthwash (0.05%), and a combination of both (0.05% NaF-0.005% GO) were prepared. The oral cavity of 36 rats was inoculated with S. mutans, and they were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the type of mouthwash. The control group received saline mouthwash. Fourteen days after using the mouthwashes, all rats were sacrificed, and the salivary S. mutans count was measured. The buccal and tongue mucosa were also histologically examined for the type and severity of inflammation, number of blood vessels, epithelial thickness, and epithelial keratinization. For microhardness testing, 40 sound extracted human premolars were randomly assigned to four groups (n=10) of culture medium with S. mutans and different mouthwashes. The enamel microhardness was measured at 7 and 14 days, and compared with the baseline value. RESULTS: The mean S. mutans count in the saliva of rats in GO and NaF-GO groups was significantly lower than that in other groups (p<0.001). Enamel microhardness in NaF and NaF-GO groups significantly increased at 7 and 14 days, compared with baseline. CONCLUSION: Addition of GO nanoparticles improved the antibacterial properties without causing adverse mucosal effects such as ulceration, acute inflammation or atrophy of the epithelium of the oral mucosa, but had no effect on surface hardness of the enamel. Babol University of Medical Sciences 2021-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8223048/ /pubmed/34221286 http://dx.doi.org/10.22088/cjim.12.3.342 Text en Copyright © 2020, Babol University of Medical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) ) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Eshaghi Gorji, Fatemeh
Seyedmajidi, Maryam
Asgharpours, Fariba
Tashakorian, Hamed
Moghadamnia, Ali-akbar
Kazemi, Sohrab
Alaghehmand, Homayoon
Oral mucosa and Streptococcus mutans count in the saliva. Does graphene oxide nanoparticle mouthwash have a good effect?
title Oral mucosa and Streptococcus mutans count in the saliva. Does graphene oxide nanoparticle mouthwash have a good effect?
title_full Oral mucosa and Streptococcus mutans count in the saliva. Does graphene oxide nanoparticle mouthwash have a good effect?
title_fullStr Oral mucosa and Streptococcus mutans count in the saliva. Does graphene oxide nanoparticle mouthwash have a good effect?
title_full_unstemmed Oral mucosa and Streptococcus mutans count in the saliva. Does graphene oxide nanoparticle mouthwash have a good effect?
title_short Oral mucosa and Streptococcus mutans count in the saliva. Does graphene oxide nanoparticle mouthwash have a good effect?
title_sort oral mucosa and streptococcus mutans count in the saliva. does graphene oxide nanoparticle mouthwash have a good effect?
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8223048/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34221286
http://dx.doi.org/10.22088/cjim.12.3.342
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