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The Yin-Yang of osteopontin in nervous system diseases: damage versus repair
Osteopontin is a broadly expressed pleiotropic protein, and is attracting increased attention because of its role in the pathophysiology of several inflammatory, degenerative, autoimmune, and oncologic diseases. In fact, in the last decade, several studies have shown that osteopontin contributes to...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
2020
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8224140/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33269761 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.300328 |
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author | Cappellano, Giuseppe Vecchio, Domizia Magistrelli, Luca Clemente, Nausicaa Raineri, Davide Barbero Mazzucca, Camilla Virgilio, Eleonora Dianzani, Umberto Chiocchetti, Annalisa Comi, Cristoforo |
author_facet | Cappellano, Giuseppe Vecchio, Domizia Magistrelli, Luca Clemente, Nausicaa Raineri, Davide Barbero Mazzucca, Camilla Virgilio, Eleonora Dianzani, Umberto Chiocchetti, Annalisa Comi, Cristoforo |
author_sort | Cappellano, Giuseppe |
collection | PubMed |
description | Osteopontin is a broadly expressed pleiotropic protein, and is attracting increased attention because of its role in the pathophysiology of several inflammatory, degenerative, autoimmune, and oncologic diseases. In fact, in the last decade, several studies have shown that osteopontin contributes to tissue damage not only by recruiting harmful inflammatory cells to the site of lesion, but also increasing their survival. The detrimental role of osteopontin has been indeed well documented in the context of different neurological conditions (i.e., multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s, and Alzheimer’s diseases). Intriguingly, recent findings show that osteopontin is involved not only in promoting tissue damage (the Yin), but also in repair/regenerative mechanisms (the Yang), mostly triggered by the inflammatory response. These two apparently discordant roles are partly related to the presence of different functional domains in the osteopontin molecule, which are exposed after thrombin or metalloproteases cleavages. Such functional domains may in turn activate intracellular signaling pathways and mediate cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. This review describes the current knowledge on the Yin and Yang features of osteopontin in nervous system diseases. Understanding the mechanisms behind the Yin/Yang would be relevant to develop highly specific tools targeting this multifunctional protein. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8224140 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Wolters Kluwer - Medknow |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82241402021-07-02 The Yin-Yang of osteopontin in nervous system diseases: damage versus repair Cappellano, Giuseppe Vecchio, Domizia Magistrelli, Luca Clemente, Nausicaa Raineri, Davide Barbero Mazzucca, Camilla Virgilio, Eleonora Dianzani, Umberto Chiocchetti, Annalisa Comi, Cristoforo Neural Regen Res Review Osteopontin is a broadly expressed pleiotropic protein, and is attracting increased attention because of its role in the pathophysiology of several inflammatory, degenerative, autoimmune, and oncologic diseases. In fact, in the last decade, several studies have shown that osteopontin contributes to tissue damage not only by recruiting harmful inflammatory cells to the site of lesion, but also increasing their survival. The detrimental role of osteopontin has been indeed well documented in the context of different neurological conditions (i.e., multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s, and Alzheimer’s diseases). Intriguingly, recent findings show that osteopontin is involved not only in promoting tissue damage (the Yin), but also in repair/regenerative mechanisms (the Yang), mostly triggered by the inflammatory response. These two apparently discordant roles are partly related to the presence of different functional domains in the osteopontin molecule, which are exposed after thrombin or metalloproteases cleavages. Such functional domains may in turn activate intracellular signaling pathways and mediate cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. This review describes the current knowledge on the Yin and Yang features of osteopontin in nervous system diseases. Understanding the mechanisms behind the Yin/Yang would be relevant to develop highly specific tools targeting this multifunctional protein. Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2020-11-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8224140/ /pubmed/33269761 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.300328 Text en Copyright: © 2021 Neural Regeneration Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. |
spellingShingle | Review Cappellano, Giuseppe Vecchio, Domizia Magistrelli, Luca Clemente, Nausicaa Raineri, Davide Barbero Mazzucca, Camilla Virgilio, Eleonora Dianzani, Umberto Chiocchetti, Annalisa Comi, Cristoforo The Yin-Yang of osteopontin in nervous system diseases: damage versus repair |
title | The Yin-Yang of osteopontin in nervous system diseases: damage versus repair |
title_full | The Yin-Yang of osteopontin in nervous system diseases: damage versus repair |
title_fullStr | The Yin-Yang of osteopontin in nervous system diseases: damage versus repair |
title_full_unstemmed | The Yin-Yang of osteopontin in nervous system diseases: damage versus repair |
title_short | The Yin-Yang of osteopontin in nervous system diseases: damage versus repair |
title_sort | yin-yang of osteopontin in nervous system diseases: damage versus repair |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8224140/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33269761 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.300328 |
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