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What’s a Biofilm?—How the Choice of the Biofilm Model Impacts the Protein Inventory of Clostridioides difficile

The anaerobic pathogen Clostridioides difficile is perfectly equipped to survive and persist inside the mammalian intestine. When facing unfavorable conditions C. difficile is able to form highly resistant endospores. Likewise, biofilms are currently discussed as form of persistence. Here a comprehe...

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Autores principales: Brauer, Madita, Lassek, Christian, Hinze, Christian, Hoyer, Juliane, Becher, Dörte, Jahn, Dieter, Sievers, Susanne, Riedel, Katharina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8225356/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34177868
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.682111
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author Brauer, Madita
Lassek, Christian
Hinze, Christian
Hoyer, Juliane
Becher, Dörte
Jahn, Dieter
Sievers, Susanne
Riedel, Katharina
author_facet Brauer, Madita
Lassek, Christian
Hinze, Christian
Hoyer, Juliane
Becher, Dörte
Jahn, Dieter
Sievers, Susanne
Riedel, Katharina
author_sort Brauer, Madita
collection PubMed
description The anaerobic pathogen Clostridioides difficile is perfectly equipped to survive and persist inside the mammalian intestine. When facing unfavorable conditions C. difficile is able to form highly resistant endospores. Likewise, biofilms are currently discussed as form of persistence. Here a comprehensive proteomics approach was applied to investigate the molecular processes of C. difficile strain 630Δerm underlying biofilm formation. The comparison of the proteome from two different forms of biofilm-like growth, namely aggregate biofilms and colonies on agar plates, revealed major differences in the formation of cell surface proteins, as well as enzymes of its energy and stress metabolism. For instance, while the obtained data suggest that aggregate biofilm cells express both flagella, type IV pili and enzymes required for biosynthesis of cell-surface polysaccharides, the S-layer protein SlpA and most cell wall proteins (CWPs) encoded adjacent to SlpA were detected in significantly lower amounts in aggregate biofilm cells than in colony biofilms. Moreover, the obtained data suggested that aggregate biofilm cells are rather actively growing cells while colony biofilm cells most likely severely suffer from a lack of reductive equivalents what requires induction of the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway and C. difficile’s V-type ATPase to maintain cell homeostasis. In agreement with this, aggregate biofilm cells, in contrast to colony biofilm cells, neither induced toxin nor spore production. Finally, the data revealed that the sigma factor SigL/RpoN and its dependent regulators are noticeably induced in aggregate biofilms suggesting an important role of SigL/RpoN in aggregate biofilm formation.
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spelling pubmed-82253562021-06-25 What’s a Biofilm?—How the Choice of the Biofilm Model Impacts the Protein Inventory of Clostridioides difficile Brauer, Madita Lassek, Christian Hinze, Christian Hoyer, Juliane Becher, Dörte Jahn, Dieter Sievers, Susanne Riedel, Katharina Front Microbiol Microbiology The anaerobic pathogen Clostridioides difficile is perfectly equipped to survive and persist inside the mammalian intestine. When facing unfavorable conditions C. difficile is able to form highly resistant endospores. Likewise, biofilms are currently discussed as form of persistence. Here a comprehensive proteomics approach was applied to investigate the molecular processes of C. difficile strain 630Δerm underlying biofilm formation. The comparison of the proteome from two different forms of biofilm-like growth, namely aggregate biofilms and colonies on agar plates, revealed major differences in the formation of cell surface proteins, as well as enzymes of its energy and stress metabolism. For instance, while the obtained data suggest that aggregate biofilm cells express both flagella, type IV pili and enzymes required for biosynthesis of cell-surface polysaccharides, the S-layer protein SlpA and most cell wall proteins (CWPs) encoded adjacent to SlpA were detected in significantly lower amounts in aggregate biofilm cells than in colony biofilms. Moreover, the obtained data suggested that aggregate biofilm cells are rather actively growing cells while colony biofilm cells most likely severely suffer from a lack of reductive equivalents what requires induction of the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway and C. difficile’s V-type ATPase to maintain cell homeostasis. In agreement with this, aggregate biofilm cells, in contrast to colony biofilm cells, neither induced toxin nor spore production. Finally, the data revealed that the sigma factor SigL/RpoN and its dependent regulators are noticeably induced in aggregate biofilms suggesting an important role of SigL/RpoN in aggregate biofilm formation. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-06-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8225356/ /pubmed/34177868 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.682111 Text en Copyright © 2021 Brauer, Lassek, Hinze, Hoyer, Becher, Jahn, Sievers and Riedel. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Brauer, Madita
Lassek, Christian
Hinze, Christian
Hoyer, Juliane
Becher, Dörte
Jahn, Dieter
Sievers, Susanne
Riedel, Katharina
What’s a Biofilm?—How the Choice of the Biofilm Model Impacts the Protein Inventory of Clostridioides difficile
title What’s a Biofilm?—How the Choice of the Biofilm Model Impacts the Protein Inventory of Clostridioides difficile
title_full What’s a Biofilm?—How the Choice of the Biofilm Model Impacts the Protein Inventory of Clostridioides difficile
title_fullStr What’s a Biofilm?—How the Choice of the Biofilm Model Impacts the Protein Inventory of Clostridioides difficile
title_full_unstemmed What’s a Biofilm?—How the Choice of the Biofilm Model Impacts the Protein Inventory of Clostridioides difficile
title_short What’s a Biofilm?—How the Choice of the Biofilm Model Impacts the Protein Inventory of Clostridioides difficile
title_sort what’s a biofilm?—how the choice of the biofilm model impacts the protein inventory of clostridioides difficile
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8225356/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34177868
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.682111
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