Fabrication of 2D-MoSe(2) incorporated NiO Nanorods modified electrode for selective detection of glucose in serum samples

Layered molybdenum diselenide (MoSe(2)) nanosheets were formed by the weak Van der Waals forces of attraction between Se and Mo atoms. MoSe(2) has a larger space between the adjacent layers and smaller band gaps in the range of 0.85 to ~ 1.6 eV. In this study, MoSe(2) nanosheets decorated nickel oxide (NiO) nanorods have been synthesized by hydrothermal method using sodium molybdate and selenium metal powder. NiO/MoSe(2) composite formation was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction analysis. In addition, the presence of MoSe(2) nanosheets on NiO nanorods were confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The Nyquist plots of NiO/MoSe(2) coated glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was indicated that it had lower charge transfer resistance compared to NiO/GCE and MoSe(2)/GCE. Furthermore, as-prepared NiO/MoSe(2)/GCE was used to detect glucose in alkaline solution by cyclic voltammetry and amperometry techniques. The NiO/MoSe(2)/GCE was exhibited a linear response for the oxidation of glucose from 50 µM to 15.5 mM (R(2) = 0.9842) at 0.5 V by amperometry. The sensor response time and the limit of detection were found to be 2 s and 0.6 µM for glucose. Moreover, selectivity of the NiO/MoSe(2) sensor was tested in the presence of common interferent molecules such as hydrogen peroxide, fructose, lactose, ascorbic acid, uric acid, and dopamine. It was found that NiO/MoSe(2)/GCE did not respond to these interfering biomolecules. In addition, NiO/MoSe(2)/GCE had shown high stability, reproducibility and repeatability. Finally, the practical application of the sensor was demonstrated by detecting glucose in human blood serum with the acceptable recovery.