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Mitochondria in Myelinating Oligodendrocytes: Slow and Out of Breath?
Myelin is a lipid-rich membrane that wraps around axons and facilitates rapid action potential propagation. In the brain, myelin is synthesized and maintained by oligodendrocytes. These cells have a high metabolic demand that requires mitochondrial ATP production during the process of myelination, b...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8226700/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34198810 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11060359 |
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author | Meyer, Niklas Rinholm, Johanne Egge |
author_facet | Meyer, Niklas Rinholm, Johanne Egge |
author_sort | Meyer, Niklas |
collection | PubMed |
description | Myelin is a lipid-rich membrane that wraps around axons and facilitates rapid action potential propagation. In the brain, myelin is synthesized and maintained by oligodendrocytes. These cells have a high metabolic demand that requires mitochondrial ATP production during the process of myelination, but they rely less on mitochondrial respiration after myelination is complete. Mitochondria change in morphology and distribution during oligodendrocyte development. Furthermore, the morphology and dynamic properties of mitochondria in mature oligodendrocytes seem different from any other brain cell. Here, we first give a brief introduction to oligodendrocyte biology and function. We then review the current knowledge on oligodendrocyte metabolism and discuss how the available data on mitochondrial morphology and mobility as well as transcriptome and proteome studies can shed light on the metabolic properties of oligodendrocytes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8226700 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82267002021-06-26 Mitochondria in Myelinating Oligodendrocytes: Slow and Out of Breath? Meyer, Niklas Rinholm, Johanne Egge Metabolites Review Myelin is a lipid-rich membrane that wraps around axons and facilitates rapid action potential propagation. In the brain, myelin is synthesized and maintained by oligodendrocytes. These cells have a high metabolic demand that requires mitochondrial ATP production during the process of myelination, but they rely less on mitochondrial respiration after myelination is complete. Mitochondria change in morphology and distribution during oligodendrocyte development. Furthermore, the morphology and dynamic properties of mitochondria in mature oligodendrocytes seem different from any other brain cell. Here, we first give a brief introduction to oligodendrocyte biology and function. We then review the current knowledge on oligodendrocyte metabolism and discuss how the available data on mitochondrial morphology and mobility as well as transcriptome and proteome studies can shed light on the metabolic properties of oligodendrocytes. MDPI 2021-06-05 /pmc/articles/PMC8226700/ /pubmed/34198810 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11060359 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Meyer, Niklas Rinholm, Johanne Egge Mitochondria in Myelinating Oligodendrocytes: Slow and Out of Breath? |
title | Mitochondria in Myelinating Oligodendrocytes: Slow and Out of Breath? |
title_full | Mitochondria in Myelinating Oligodendrocytes: Slow and Out of Breath? |
title_fullStr | Mitochondria in Myelinating Oligodendrocytes: Slow and Out of Breath? |
title_full_unstemmed | Mitochondria in Myelinating Oligodendrocytes: Slow and Out of Breath? |
title_short | Mitochondria in Myelinating Oligodendrocytes: Slow and Out of Breath? |
title_sort | mitochondria in myelinating oligodendrocytes: slow and out of breath? |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8226700/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34198810 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11060359 |
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