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Extracellular Vesicle-Based Coatings Enhance Bioactivity of Titanium Implants—SurfEV

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles released by cells that contain a multitude of biomolecules, which act synergistically to signal multiple cell types. EVs are ideal candidates for promoting tissue growth and regeneration. The tissue regenerative potential of EVs raises the tantalizing p...

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Autores principales: Pansani, Taisa Nogueira, Phan, Thanh Huyen, Lei, Qingyu, Kondyurin, Alexey, Kalionis, Bill, Chrzanowski, Wojciech
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8227988/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34072581
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11061445
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author Pansani, Taisa Nogueira
Phan, Thanh Huyen
Lei, Qingyu
Kondyurin, Alexey
Kalionis, Bill
Chrzanowski, Wojciech
author_facet Pansani, Taisa Nogueira
Phan, Thanh Huyen
Lei, Qingyu
Kondyurin, Alexey
Kalionis, Bill
Chrzanowski, Wojciech
author_sort Pansani, Taisa Nogueira
collection PubMed
description Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles released by cells that contain a multitude of biomolecules, which act synergistically to signal multiple cell types. EVs are ideal candidates for promoting tissue growth and regeneration. The tissue regenerative potential of EVs raises the tantalizing possibility that immobilizing EVs on implant surfaces could potentially generate highly bioactive and cell-instructive surfaces that would enhance implant integration into the body. Such surfaces could address a critical limitation of current implants, which do not promote bone tissue formation or bond bone. Here, we developed bioactive titanium surface coatings (SurfEV) using two types of EVs: secreted by decidual mesenchymal stem cells (DEVs) and isolated from fermented papaya fluid (PEVs). For each EV type, we determined the size, morphology, and molecular composition. High concentrations of DEVs enhanced cell proliferation, wound closure, and migration distance of osteoblasts. In contrast, the cell proliferation and wound closure decreased with increasing concentration of PEVs. DEVs enhanced Ca/P deposition on the titanium surface, which suggests improvement in bone bonding ability of the implant (i.e., osteointegration). EVs also increased production of Ca and P by osteoblasts and promoted the deposition of mineral phase, which suggests EVs play key roles in cell mineralization. We also found that DEVs stimulated the secretion of secondary EVs observed by the presence of protruding structures on the cell membrane. We concluded that, by functionalizing implant surfaces with specialized EVs, we will be able to enhance implant osteointegration by improving hydroxyapatite formation directly at the surface and potentially circumvent aseptic loosening of implants.
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spelling pubmed-82279882021-06-26 Extracellular Vesicle-Based Coatings Enhance Bioactivity of Titanium Implants—SurfEV Pansani, Taisa Nogueira Phan, Thanh Huyen Lei, Qingyu Kondyurin, Alexey Kalionis, Bill Chrzanowski, Wojciech Nanomaterials (Basel) Article Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles released by cells that contain a multitude of biomolecules, which act synergistically to signal multiple cell types. EVs are ideal candidates for promoting tissue growth and regeneration. The tissue regenerative potential of EVs raises the tantalizing possibility that immobilizing EVs on implant surfaces could potentially generate highly bioactive and cell-instructive surfaces that would enhance implant integration into the body. Such surfaces could address a critical limitation of current implants, which do not promote bone tissue formation or bond bone. Here, we developed bioactive titanium surface coatings (SurfEV) using two types of EVs: secreted by decidual mesenchymal stem cells (DEVs) and isolated from fermented papaya fluid (PEVs). For each EV type, we determined the size, morphology, and molecular composition. High concentrations of DEVs enhanced cell proliferation, wound closure, and migration distance of osteoblasts. In contrast, the cell proliferation and wound closure decreased with increasing concentration of PEVs. DEVs enhanced Ca/P deposition on the titanium surface, which suggests improvement in bone bonding ability of the implant (i.e., osteointegration). EVs also increased production of Ca and P by osteoblasts and promoted the deposition of mineral phase, which suggests EVs play key roles in cell mineralization. We also found that DEVs stimulated the secretion of secondary EVs observed by the presence of protruding structures on the cell membrane. We concluded that, by functionalizing implant surfaces with specialized EVs, we will be able to enhance implant osteointegration by improving hydroxyapatite formation directly at the surface and potentially circumvent aseptic loosening of implants. MDPI 2021-05-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8227988/ /pubmed/34072581 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11061445 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Pansani, Taisa Nogueira
Phan, Thanh Huyen
Lei, Qingyu
Kondyurin, Alexey
Kalionis, Bill
Chrzanowski, Wojciech
Extracellular Vesicle-Based Coatings Enhance Bioactivity of Titanium Implants—SurfEV
title Extracellular Vesicle-Based Coatings Enhance Bioactivity of Titanium Implants—SurfEV
title_full Extracellular Vesicle-Based Coatings Enhance Bioactivity of Titanium Implants—SurfEV
title_fullStr Extracellular Vesicle-Based Coatings Enhance Bioactivity of Titanium Implants—SurfEV
title_full_unstemmed Extracellular Vesicle-Based Coatings Enhance Bioactivity of Titanium Implants—SurfEV
title_short Extracellular Vesicle-Based Coatings Enhance Bioactivity of Titanium Implants—SurfEV
title_sort extracellular vesicle-based coatings enhance bioactivity of titanium implants—surfev
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8227988/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34072581
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11061445
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