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Animal Models for Influenza Research: Strengths and Weaknesses

Influenza remains one of the most significant public health threats due to its ability to cause high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although understanding of influenza viruses has greatly increased in recent years, shortcomings remain. Additionally, the continuous mutation of influenza viruses t...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Nguyen, Thi-Quyen, Rollon, Rare, Choi, Young-Ki
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8228315/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34071367
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13061011
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author Nguyen, Thi-Quyen
Rollon, Rare
Choi, Young-Ki
author_facet Nguyen, Thi-Quyen
Rollon, Rare
Choi, Young-Ki
author_sort Nguyen, Thi-Quyen
collection PubMed
description Influenza remains one of the most significant public health threats due to its ability to cause high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although understanding of influenza viruses has greatly increased in recent years, shortcomings remain. Additionally, the continuous mutation of influenza viruses through genetic reassortment and selection of variants that escape host immune responses can render current influenza vaccines ineffective at controlling seasonal epidemics and potential pandemics. Thus, there is a knowledge gap in the understanding of influenza viruses and a corresponding need to develop novel universal vaccines and therapeutic treatments. Investigation of viral pathogenesis, transmission mechanisms, and efficacy of influenza vaccine candidates requires animal models that can recapitulate the disease. Furthermore, the choice of animal model for each research question is crucial in order for researchers to acquire a better knowledge of influenza viruses. Herein, we reviewed the advantages and limitations of each animal model—including mice, ferrets, guinea pigs, swine, felines, canines, and non-human primates—for elucidating influenza viral pathogenesis and transmission and for evaluating therapeutic agents and vaccine efficacy.
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spelling pubmed-82283152021-06-26 Animal Models for Influenza Research: Strengths and Weaknesses Nguyen, Thi-Quyen Rollon, Rare Choi, Young-Ki Viruses Review Influenza remains one of the most significant public health threats due to its ability to cause high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although understanding of influenza viruses has greatly increased in recent years, shortcomings remain. Additionally, the continuous mutation of influenza viruses through genetic reassortment and selection of variants that escape host immune responses can render current influenza vaccines ineffective at controlling seasonal epidemics and potential pandemics. Thus, there is a knowledge gap in the understanding of influenza viruses and a corresponding need to develop novel universal vaccines and therapeutic treatments. Investigation of viral pathogenesis, transmission mechanisms, and efficacy of influenza vaccine candidates requires animal models that can recapitulate the disease. Furthermore, the choice of animal model for each research question is crucial in order for researchers to acquire a better knowledge of influenza viruses. Herein, we reviewed the advantages and limitations of each animal model—including mice, ferrets, guinea pigs, swine, felines, canines, and non-human primates—for elucidating influenza viral pathogenesis and transmission and for evaluating therapeutic agents and vaccine efficacy. MDPI 2021-05-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8228315/ /pubmed/34071367 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13061011 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Nguyen, Thi-Quyen
Rollon, Rare
Choi, Young-Ki
Animal Models for Influenza Research: Strengths and Weaknesses
title Animal Models for Influenza Research: Strengths and Weaknesses
title_full Animal Models for Influenza Research: Strengths and Weaknesses
title_fullStr Animal Models for Influenza Research: Strengths and Weaknesses
title_full_unstemmed Animal Models for Influenza Research: Strengths and Weaknesses
title_short Animal Models for Influenza Research: Strengths and Weaknesses
title_sort animal models for influenza research: strengths and weaknesses
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8228315/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34071367
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13061011
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