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A Balance between the Activities of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria Is Crucial for Optimal Plant Growth
Energy metabolism in plant cells requires a balance between the activities of chloroplasts and mitochondria, as they are the producers and consumers of carbohydrates and reducing equivalents, respectively. Recently, we showed that the overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana purple acid phosphatase 2...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8228383/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34207819 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10060935 |
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author | Xu, Zhou Zhang, Renshan Yang, Meijing Law, Yee-Song Sun, Feng Hon, Ngai Lung Ngai, Sai Ming Lim, Boon Leong |
author_facet | Xu, Zhou Zhang, Renshan Yang, Meijing Law, Yee-Song Sun, Feng Hon, Ngai Lung Ngai, Sai Ming Lim, Boon Leong |
author_sort | Xu, Zhou |
collection | PubMed |
description | Energy metabolism in plant cells requires a balance between the activities of chloroplasts and mitochondria, as they are the producers and consumers of carbohydrates and reducing equivalents, respectively. Recently, we showed that the overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana purple acid phosphatase 2 (AtPAP2), a phosphatase dually anchored on the outer membranes of chloroplasts and mitochondria, can boost the plant growth and seed yield of Arabidopsis thaliana by coordinating the activities of both organelles. However, when AtPAP2 is solely overexpressed in chloroplasts, the growth-promoting effects are less optimal, indicating that active mitochondria are required for dissipating excess reducing equivalents from chloroplasts to maintain the optimal growth of plants. It is even more detrimental to plant productivity when AtPAP2 is solely overexpressed in mitochondria. Although these lines contain high level of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), they exhibit low leaf sucrose, low seed yield, and early senescence. These transgenic lines can be useful tools for studying how hyperactive chloroplasts or mitochondria affect the physiology of their counterparts and how they modify cellular metabolism and plant physiology. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8228383 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82283832021-06-26 A Balance between the Activities of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria Is Crucial for Optimal Plant Growth Xu, Zhou Zhang, Renshan Yang, Meijing Law, Yee-Song Sun, Feng Hon, Ngai Lung Ngai, Sai Ming Lim, Boon Leong Antioxidants (Basel) Article Energy metabolism in plant cells requires a balance between the activities of chloroplasts and mitochondria, as they are the producers and consumers of carbohydrates and reducing equivalents, respectively. Recently, we showed that the overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana purple acid phosphatase 2 (AtPAP2), a phosphatase dually anchored on the outer membranes of chloroplasts and mitochondria, can boost the plant growth and seed yield of Arabidopsis thaliana by coordinating the activities of both organelles. However, when AtPAP2 is solely overexpressed in chloroplasts, the growth-promoting effects are less optimal, indicating that active mitochondria are required for dissipating excess reducing equivalents from chloroplasts to maintain the optimal growth of plants. It is even more detrimental to plant productivity when AtPAP2 is solely overexpressed in mitochondria. Although these lines contain high level of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), they exhibit low leaf sucrose, low seed yield, and early senescence. These transgenic lines can be useful tools for studying how hyperactive chloroplasts or mitochondria affect the physiology of their counterparts and how they modify cellular metabolism and plant physiology. MDPI 2021-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8228383/ /pubmed/34207819 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10060935 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Xu, Zhou Zhang, Renshan Yang, Meijing Law, Yee-Song Sun, Feng Hon, Ngai Lung Ngai, Sai Ming Lim, Boon Leong A Balance between the Activities of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria Is Crucial for Optimal Plant Growth |
title | A Balance between the Activities of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria Is Crucial for Optimal Plant Growth |
title_full | A Balance between the Activities of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria Is Crucial for Optimal Plant Growth |
title_fullStr | A Balance between the Activities of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria Is Crucial for Optimal Plant Growth |
title_full_unstemmed | A Balance between the Activities of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria Is Crucial for Optimal Plant Growth |
title_short | A Balance between the Activities of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria Is Crucial for Optimal Plant Growth |
title_sort | balance between the activities of chloroplasts and mitochondria is crucial for optimal plant growth |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8228383/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34207819 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10060935 |
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