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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Insulin-Resistant Adolescents with Obesity: The Role of Nutrition Therapy and Food Supplements as a Strategy to Protect Fertility

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in young reproductive-aged women. PCOS is often associated with obesity and impairs reproductive health. Even though several theories have been proposed to explain the pathogenic mechanism of PCOS, the role of insulin resistance...

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Autores principales: Calcaterra, Valeria, Verduci, Elvira, Cena, Hellas, Magenes, Vittoria Carlotta, Todisco, Carolina Federica, Tenuta, Elisavietta, Gregorio, Cristina, De Giuseppe, Rachele, Bosetti, Alessandra, Di Profio, Elisabetta, Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8228678/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34071499
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13061848
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author Calcaterra, Valeria
Verduci, Elvira
Cena, Hellas
Magenes, Vittoria Carlotta
Todisco, Carolina Federica
Tenuta, Elisavietta
Gregorio, Cristina
De Giuseppe, Rachele
Bosetti, Alessandra
Di Profio, Elisabetta
Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo
author_facet Calcaterra, Valeria
Verduci, Elvira
Cena, Hellas
Magenes, Vittoria Carlotta
Todisco, Carolina Federica
Tenuta, Elisavietta
Gregorio, Cristina
De Giuseppe, Rachele
Bosetti, Alessandra
Di Profio, Elisabetta
Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo
author_sort Calcaterra, Valeria
collection PubMed
description Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in young reproductive-aged women. PCOS is often associated with obesity and impairs reproductive health. Even though several theories have been proposed to explain the pathogenic mechanism of PCOS, the role of insulin resistance (IR) as a key etiological component, independently of (but amplified by) obesity, is well recognized. The consequent hyperinsulinemia activates excessive ovarian androgen production, leading to PCOS. Additionally, the state of chronic inflammation related to obesity impacts ovarian physiology due to insulin sensitivity impairment. The first-line treatment for adolescents with obesity and PCOS includes lifestyle changes; personalized dietary interventions; and, when needed, weight loss. Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) and the use of specific food supplements in these patients aim at improving symptoms and signs, including insulin resistance and metabolic and reproductive functions. The purpose of this narrative review is to present and discuss PCOS in adolescents with obesity, its relationship with IR and the role of MNT and food supplements in treatment. Appropriate early dietary intervention for the management of adolescents with obesity and PCOS should be considered as the recommended approach to restore ovulation and to protect fertility.
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spelling pubmed-82286782021-06-26 Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Insulin-Resistant Adolescents with Obesity: The Role of Nutrition Therapy and Food Supplements as a Strategy to Protect Fertility Calcaterra, Valeria Verduci, Elvira Cena, Hellas Magenes, Vittoria Carlotta Todisco, Carolina Federica Tenuta, Elisavietta Gregorio, Cristina De Giuseppe, Rachele Bosetti, Alessandra Di Profio, Elisabetta Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo Nutrients Review Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in young reproductive-aged women. PCOS is often associated with obesity and impairs reproductive health. Even though several theories have been proposed to explain the pathogenic mechanism of PCOS, the role of insulin resistance (IR) as a key etiological component, independently of (but amplified by) obesity, is well recognized. The consequent hyperinsulinemia activates excessive ovarian androgen production, leading to PCOS. Additionally, the state of chronic inflammation related to obesity impacts ovarian physiology due to insulin sensitivity impairment. The first-line treatment for adolescents with obesity and PCOS includes lifestyle changes; personalized dietary interventions; and, when needed, weight loss. Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) and the use of specific food supplements in these patients aim at improving symptoms and signs, including insulin resistance and metabolic and reproductive functions. The purpose of this narrative review is to present and discuss PCOS in adolescents with obesity, its relationship with IR and the role of MNT and food supplements in treatment. Appropriate early dietary intervention for the management of adolescents with obesity and PCOS should be considered as the recommended approach to restore ovulation and to protect fertility. MDPI 2021-05-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8228678/ /pubmed/34071499 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13061848 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Calcaterra, Valeria
Verduci, Elvira
Cena, Hellas
Magenes, Vittoria Carlotta
Todisco, Carolina Federica
Tenuta, Elisavietta
Gregorio, Cristina
De Giuseppe, Rachele
Bosetti, Alessandra
Di Profio, Elisabetta
Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Insulin-Resistant Adolescents with Obesity: The Role of Nutrition Therapy and Food Supplements as a Strategy to Protect Fertility
title Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Insulin-Resistant Adolescents with Obesity: The Role of Nutrition Therapy and Food Supplements as a Strategy to Protect Fertility
title_full Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Insulin-Resistant Adolescents with Obesity: The Role of Nutrition Therapy and Food Supplements as a Strategy to Protect Fertility
title_fullStr Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Insulin-Resistant Adolescents with Obesity: The Role of Nutrition Therapy and Food Supplements as a Strategy to Protect Fertility
title_full_unstemmed Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Insulin-Resistant Adolescents with Obesity: The Role of Nutrition Therapy and Food Supplements as a Strategy to Protect Fertility
title_short Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Insulin-Resistant Adolescents with Obesity: The Role of Nutrition Therapy and Food Supplements as a Strategy to Protect Fertility
title_sort polycystic ovary syndrome in insulin-resistant adolescents with obesity: the role of nutrition therapy and food supplements as a strategy to protect fertility
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8228678/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34071499
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13061848
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