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The Capacity of Holstein-Friesian and Simmental Cows to Correct a Negative Energy Balance in Relation to Their Performance Parameters, Course of Lactation, and Selected Milk Components

SIMPLE SUMMARY: The aim of the study was to analyse the ability of Simmental (SIM) and Holstein-Friesian (HF) cows to correct a negative energy balance (NEB). NEB dynamics were assessed based on the content of NEFA in the blood; a reduction in body condition score; and levels of C16:0, C18:0 and C18...

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Autores principales: Strączek, Ilona, Młynek, Krzysztof, Danielewicz, Agata
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8229048/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34199762
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11061674
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author Strączek, Ilona
Młynek, Krzysztof
Danielewicz, Agata
author_facet Strączek, Ilona
Młynek, Krzysztof
Danielewicz, Agata
author_sort Strączek, Ilona
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: The aim of the study was to analyse the ability of Simmental (SIM) and Holstein-Friesian (HF) cows to correct a negative energy balance (NEB). NEB dynamics were assessed based on the content of NEFA in the blood; a reduction in body condition score; and levels of C16:0, C18:0 and C18:1 in the milk. The efficiency of liver metabolism was evaluated based on the content of BHBA in the blood and urea in the milk. The rate of changes was analysed during lactation, with assessments of daily yield, production at peak lactation and its duration, and changes in selected milk components. The results indicated that the most significant changes took place up to the peak of lactation. During this time, the values for parameters characterizing NEB were similar in both breeds. After the peak of lactation, the body condition score of SIM cows was restored more quickly. HF cows, on the other hand, achieved greater milk production and reached peak lactation earlier, but they were less capable of correcting the NEB, as indicated by the higher content of non-esterified fatty acid and β-hydroxybutyrate as well as C16:0, C18:0, and C18:1 in most cases. Their milk also contained more urea. The dynamics of NEB were found to be linked to the level of leptin, which has an anorectic effect. The results of the study indicate the great potential of Simmental cows and may facilitate the search for solutions for the more efficient exploitation of their potential. ABSTRACT: A significant factor in improving the performance of dairy cows is their physiological ability to correct a negative energy balance (NEB). This study, using Simmental (SIM) and Holstein-Friesian (HF) cows, aimed to assess changes in NEB (non-esterified fatty acid; body condition score; and C16:0, C18:0, and C18:1) and its effect on the metabolic efficiency of the liver (β-hydroxybutyrate and urea). The effects of NEB on daily yield, production at peak lactation and its duration, and changes in selected milk components were assessed during complete lactation. Up to peak lactation, the loss of the body condition score was similar in both breeds. Subsequently, SIM cows more efficiently restored their BCS. HF cows reached peak lactation faster and with a higher milk yield, but they were less able to correct NEB. During lactation, their non-esterified fatty acid, β-hydroxybutyrate, C16:0, C18:0, C18:1, and urea levels were persistently higher, which may indicate less efficient liver function during NEB. The dynamics of NEB were linked to levels of leptin, which has anorectic effects. Its content was usually higher in HF cows and during intensive lactogenesis. An effective response to NEB may be exploited to improve the production and nutritional properties of milk. In the long term, it may extend dairy cows’ productive life and increase lifetime yield.
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spelling pubmed-82290482021-06-26 The Capacity of Holstein-Friesian and Simmental Cows to Correct a Negative Energy Balance in Relation to Their Performance Parameters, Course of Lactation, and Selected Milk Components Strączek, Ilona Młynek, Krzysztof Danielewicz, Agata Animals (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: The aim of the study was to analyse the ability of Simmental (SIM) and Holstein-Friesian (HF) cows to correct a negative energy balance (NEB). NEB dynamics were assessed based on the content of NEFA in the blood; a reduction in body condition score; and levels of C16:0, C18:0 and C18:1 in the milk. The efficiency of liver metabolism was evaluated based on the content of BHBA in the blood and urea in the milk. The rate of changes was analysed during lactation, with assessments of daily yield, production at peak lactation and its duration, and changes in selected milk components. The results indicated that the most significant changes took place up to the peak of lactation. During this time, the values for parameters characterizing NEB were similar in both breeds. After the peak of lactation, the body condition score of SIM cows was restored more quickly. HF cows, on the other hand, achieved greater milk production and reached peak lactation earlier, but they were less capable of correcting the NEB, as indicated by the higher content of non-esterified fatty acid and β-hydroxybutyrate as well as C16:0, C18:0, and C18:1 in most cases. Their milk also contained more urea. The dynamics of NEB were found to be linked to the level of leptin, which has an anorectic effect. The results of the study indicate the great potential of Simmental cows and may facilitate the search for solutions for the more efficient exploitation of their potential. ABSTRACT: A significant factor in improving the performance of dairy cows is their physiological ability to correct a negative energy balance (NEB). This study, using Simmental (SIM) and Holstein-Friesian (HF) cows, aimed to assess changes in NEB (non-esterified fatty acid; body condition score; and C16:0, C18:0, and C18:1) and its effect on the metabolic efficiency of the liver (β-hydroxybutyrate and urea). The effects of NEB on daily yield, production at peak lactation and its duration, and changes in selected milk components were assessed during complete lactation. Up to peak lactation, the loss of the body condition score was similar in both breeds. Subsequently, SIM cows more efficiently restored their BCS. HF cows reached peak lactation faster and with a higher milk yield, but they were less able to correct NEB. During lactation, their non-esterified fatty acid, β-hydroxybutyrate, C16:0, C18:0, C18:1, and urea levels were persistently higher, which may indicate less efficient liver function during NEB. The dynamics of NEB were linked to levels of leptin, which has anorectic effects. Its content was usually higher in HF cows and during intensive lactogenesis. An effective response to NEB may be exploited to improve the production and nutritional properties of milk. In the long term, it may extend dairy cows’ productive life and increase lifetime yield. MDPI 2021-06-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8229048/ /pubmed/34199762 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11061674 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Strączek, Ilona
Młynek, Krzysztof
Danielewicz, Agata
The Capacity of Holstein-Friesian and Simmental Cows to Correct a Negative Energy Balance in Relation to Their Performance Parameters, Course of Lactation, and Selected Milk Components
title The Capacity of Holstein-Friesian and Simmental Cows to Correct a Negative Energy Balance in Relation to Their Performance Parameters, Course of Lactation, and Selected Milk Components
title_full The Capacity of Holstein-Friesian and Simmental Cows to Correct a Negative Energy Balance in Relation to Their Performance Parameters, Course of Lactation, and Selected Milk Components
title_fullStr The Capacity of Holstein-Friesian and Simmental Cows to Correct a Negative Energy Balance in Relation to Their Performance Parameters, Course of Lactation, and Selected Milk Components
title_full_unstemmed The Capacity of Holstein-Friesian and Simmental Cows to Correct a Negative Energy Balance in Relation to Their Performance Parameters, Course of Lactation, and Selected Milk Components
title_short The Capacity of Holstein-Friesian and Simmental Cows to Correct a Negative Energy Balance in Relation to Their Performance Parameters, Course of Lactation, and Selected Milk Components
title_sort capacity of holstein-friesian and simmental cows to correct a negative energy balance in relation to their performance parameters, course of lactation, and selected milk components
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8229048/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34199762
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11061674
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