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Structure and Dynamics of Oxidized Lipoproteins In Vivo: Roles of High-Density Lipoprotein

Oxidative modification of lipoproteins is implicated in the occurrence and development of atherosclerotic lesions. Earlier studies have elucidated on the mechanisms of foam cell formation and lipid accumulation in these lesions, which is mediated by scavenger receptor-mediated endocytosis of oxidize...

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Autores principales: Itabe, Hiroyuki, Sawada, Naoko, Makiyama, Tomohiko, Obama, Takashi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8229488/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34201176
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9060655
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author Itabe, Hiroyuki
Sawada, Naoko
Makiyama, Tomohiko
Obama, Takashi
author_facet Itabe, Hiroyuki
Sawada, Naoko
Makiyama, Tomohiko
Obama, Takashi
author_sort Itabe, Hiroyuki
collection PubMed
description Oxidative modification of lipoproteins is implicated in the occurrence and development of atherosclerotic lesions. Earlier studies have elucidated on the mechanisms of foam cell formation and lipid accumulation in these lesions, which is mediated by scavenger receptor-mediated endocytosis of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Mounting clinical evidence has supported the involvement of oxLDL in cardiovascular diseases. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is known as anti-atherogenic; however, recent studies have shown circulating oxidized HDL (oxHDL) is related to cardiovascular diseases. A modified structure of oxLDL, which was increased in the plasma of patients with acute myocardial infarction, was characterized. It had two unique features: (1) a fraction of oxLDL accompanied oxHDL, and (2) apoA1 was heavily modified, while modification of apoB, and the accumulation of oxidized phosphatidylcholine (oxPC) and lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) was less pronounced. When LDL and HDL were present at the same time, oxidized lipoproteins actively interacted with each other, and oxPC and lysoPC were transferred to another lipoprotein particle and enzymatically metabolized rapidly. This brief review provides a novel view on the dynamics of oxLDL and oxHDL in circulation.
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spelling pubmed-82294882021-06-26 Structure and Dynamics of Oxidized Lipoproteins In Vivo: Roles of High-Density Lipoprotein Itabe, Hiroyuki Sawada, Naoko Makiyama, Tomohiko Obama, Takashi Biomedicines Review Oxidative modification of lipoproteins is implicated in the occurrence and development of atherosclerotic lesions. Earlier studies have elucidated on the mechanisms of foam cell formation and lipid accumulation in these lesions, which is mediated by scavenger receptor-mediated endocytosis of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Mounting clinical evidence has supported the involvement of oxLDL in cardiovascular diseases. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is known as anti-atherogenic; however, recent studies have shown circulating oxidized HDL (oxHDL) is related to cardiovascular diseases. A modified structure of oxLDL, which was increased in the plasma of patients with acute myocardial infarction, was characterized. It had two unique features: (1) a fraction of oxLDL accompanied oxHDL, and (2) apoA1 was heavily modified, while modification of apoB, and the accumulation of oxidized phosphatidylcholine (oxPC) and lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) was less pronounced. When LDL and HDL were present at the same time, oxidized lipoproteins actively interacted with each other, and oxPC and lysoPC were transferred to another lipoprotein particle and enzymatically metabolized rapidly. This brief review provides a novel view on the dynamics of oxLDL and oxHDL in circulation. MDPI 2021-06-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8229488/ /pubmed/34201176 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9060655 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Itabe, Hiroyuki
Sawada, Naoko
Makiyama, Tomohiko
Obama, Takashi
Structure and Dynamics of Oxidized Lipoproteins In Vivo: Roles of High-Density Lipoprotein
title Structure and Dynamics of Oxidized Lipoproteins In Vivo: Roles of High-Density Lipoprotein
title_full Structure and Dynamics of Oxidized Lipoproteins In Vivo: Roles of High-Density Lipoprotein
title_fullStr Structure and Dynamics of Oxidized Lipoproteins In Vivo: Roles of High-Density Lipoprotein
title_full_unstemmed Structure and Dynamics of Oxidized Lipoproteins In Vivo: Roles of High-Density Lipoprotein
title_short Structure and Dynamics of Oxidized Lipoproteins In Vivo: Roles of High-Density Lipoprotein
title_sort structure and dynamics of oxidized lipoproteins in vivo: roles of high-density lipoprotein
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8229488/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34201176
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9060655
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