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Environmental Factors as a Cause of Differences in the Feet of Ecuadorian Children and Its Relation to Their Footwear
The objective of this study was to analyze the differences in foot measurements of Ecuadorian children according to their geographical location of residence, taking into account climatic differences (1). A total of 1662 children (2) participated in the study. Three groups were established: coast, mo...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8229646/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34072798 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8060459 |
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author | Martin-Casado, Laura Barquín, Christian Aldana-Caballero, Alberto Marcos-Tejedor, Felix Aguado, Xavier |
author_facet | Martin-Casado, Laura Barquín, Christian Aldana-Caballero, Alberto Marcos-Tejedor, Felix Aguado, Xavier |
author_sort | Martin-Casado, Laura |
collection | PubMed |
description | The objective of this study was to analyze the differences in foot measurements of Ecuadorian children according to their geographical location of residence, taking into account climatic differences (1). A total of 1662 children (2) participated in the study. Three groups were established: coast, mountains and amazonia. The type of footwear (3) used was recorded and the lengths, widths, perimeters, heights and angles of both (4) feet were analyzed with a 3D foot digitizer (5). The variable ‘fitting of the foot to footwear’ was also obtained. Children living in coastal areas presented greater lengths, widths, perimeters and heights compared to those living in the mountain (p > 0.001) and amazonia (p < 0.001) between ages 5 to 13. Mountain residents showed a greater first toe angle than coast residents (p > 0.001) aged 8 to 17. Children used shoes smaller than required by their foot length (p < 0.01). Ecuadorian children from the coast presented longer and wider feet with higher foot arches, whilst those from mountains presented greater first toe angle. The studied sample used footwear up to one size smaller than the size corresponding to their foot length. The fitting and type of footwear used according to climatic differences could be interfering with normal foot development. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8229646 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82296462021-06-26 Environmental Factors as a Cause of Differences in the Feet of Ecuadorian Children and Its Relation to Their Footwear Martin-Casado, Laura Barquín, Christian Aldana-Caballero, Alberto Marcos-Tejedor, Felix Aguado, Xavier Children (Basel) Article The objective of this study was to analyze the differences in foot measurements of Ecuadorian children according to their geographical location of residence, taking into account climatic differences (1). A total of 1662 children (2) participated in the study. Three groups were established: coast, mountains and amazonia. The type of footwear (3) used was recorded and the lengths, widths, perimeters, heights and angles of both (4) feet were analyzed with a 3D foot digitizer (5). The variable ‘fitting of the foot to footwear’ was also obtained. Children living in coastal areas presented greater lengths, widths, perimeters and heights compared to those living in the mountain (p > 0.001) and amazonia (p < 0.001) between ages 5 to 13. Mountain residents showed a greater first toe angle than coast residents (p > 0.001) aged 8 to 17. Children used shoes smaller than required by their foot length (p < 0.01). Ecuadorian children from the coast presented longer and wider feet with higher foot arches, whilst those from mountains presented greater first toe angle. The studied sample used footwear up to one size smaller than the size corresponding to their foot length. The fitting and type of footwear used according to climatic differences could be interfering with normal foot development. MDPI 2021-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8229646/ /pubmed/34072798 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8060459 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Martin-Casado, Laura Barquín, Christian Aldana-Caballero, Alberto Marcos-Tejedor, Felix Aguado, Xavier Environmental Factors as a Cause of Differences in the Feet of Ecuadorian Children and Its Relation to Their Footwear |
title | Environmental Factors as a Cause of Differences in the Feet of Ecuadorian Children and Its Relation to Their Footwear |
title_full | Environmental Factors as a Cause of Differences in the Feet of Ecuadorian Children and Its Relation to Their Footwear |
title_fullStr | Environmental Factors as a Cause of Differences in the Feet of Ecuadorian Children and Its Relation to Their Footwear |
title_full_unstemmed | Environmental Factors as a Cause of Differences in the Feet of Ecuadorian Children and Its Relation to Their Footwear |
title_short | Environmental Factors as a Cause of Differences in the Feet of Ecuadorian Children and Its Relation to Their Footwear |
title_sort | environmental factors as a cause of differences in the feet of ecuadorian children and its relation to their footwear |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8229646/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34072798 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8060459 |
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