Cargando…
Rhizosphere Colonization Determinants by Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)
SIMPLE SUMMARY: Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are an eco-friendly alternative to the use of chemicals in agricultural production and crop protection. However, the efficacy of PGPR as bioinoculants can be diminished by a low capacity to colonize spaces in the rhizosphere. In this work,...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8229920/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34072072 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10060475 |
_version_ | 1783713084672573440 |
---|---|
author | Santoyo, Gustavo Urtis-Flores, Carlos Alberto Loeza-Lara, Pedro Damián Orozco-Mosqueda, Ma. del Carmen Glick, Bernard R. |
author_facet | Santoyo, Gustavo Urtis-Flores, Carlos Alberto Loeza-Lara, Pedro Damián Orozco-Mosqueda, Ma. del Carmen Glick, Bernard R. |
author_sort | Santoyo, Gustavo |
collection | PubMed |
description | SIMPLE SUMMARY: Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are an eco-friendly alternative to the use of chemicals in agricultural production and crop protection. However, the efficacy of PGPR as bioinoculants can be diminished by a low capacity to colonize spaces in the rhizosphere. In this work, we review pioneering and recent developments on several important functions that rhizobacteria exhibit in order to compete, colonize, and establish themselves in the plant rhizosphere. Therefore, the use of highly competitive strains in open field trials should be a priority, in order to have consistent and better results in agricultural production activities. ABSTRACT: The application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in the field has been hampered by a number of gaps in the knowledge of the mechanisms that improve plant growth, health, and production. These gaps include (i) the ability of PGPR to colonize the rhizosphere of plants and (ii) the ability of bacterial strains to thrive under different environmental conditions. In this review, different strategies of PGPR to colonize the rhizosphere of host plants are summarized and the advantages of having highly competitive strains are discussed. Some mechanisms exhibited by PGPR to colonize the rhizosphere include recognition of chemical signals and nutrients from root exudates, antioxidant activities, biofilm production, bacterial motility, as well as efficient evasion and suppression of the plant immune system. Moreover, many PGPR contain secretion systems and produce antimicrobial compounds, such as antibiotics, volatile organic compounds, and lytic enzymes that enable them to restrict the growth of potentially phytopathogenic microorganisms. Finally, the ability of PGPR to compete and successfully colonize the rhizosphere should be considered in the development and application of bioinoculants. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8229920 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82299202021-06-26 Rhizosphere Colonization Determinants by Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Santoyo, Gustavo Urtis-Flores, Carlos Alberto Loeza-Lara, Pedro Damián Orozco-Mosqueda, Ma. del Carmen Glick, Bernard R. Biology (Basel) Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are an eco-friendly alternative to the use of chemicals in agricultural production and crop protection. However, the efficacy of PGPR as bioinoculants can be diminished by a low capacity to colonize spaces in the rhizosphere. In this work, we review pioneering and recent developments on several important functions that rhizobacteria exhibit in order to compete, colonize, and establish themselves in the plant rhizosphere. Therefore, the use of highly competitive strains in open field trials should be a priority, in order to have consistent and better results in agricultural production activities. ABSTRACT: The application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in the field has been hampered by a number of gaps in the knowledge of the mechanisms that improve plant growth, health, and production. These gaps include (i) the ability of PGPR to colonize the rhizosphere of plants and (ii) the ability of bacterial strains to thrive under different environmental conditions. In this review, different strategies of PGPR to colonize the rhizosphere of host plants are summarized and the advantages of having highly competitive strains are discussed. Some mechanisms exhibited by PGPR to colonize the rhizosphere include recognition of chemical signals and nutrients from root exudates, antioxidant activities, biofilm production, bacterial motility, as well as efficient evasion and suppression of the plant immune system. Moreover, many PGPR contain secretion systems and produce antimicrobial compounds, such as antibiotics, volatile organic compounds, and lytic enzymes that enable them to restrict the growth of potentially phytopathogenic microorganisms. Finally, the ability of PGPR to compete and successfully colonize the rhizosphere should be considered in the development and application of bioinoculants. MDPI 2021-05-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8229920/ /pubmed/34072072 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10060475 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Santoyo, Gustavo Urtis-Flores, Carlos Alberto Loeza-Lara, Pedro Damián Orozco-Mosqueda, Ma. del Carmen Glick, Bernard R. Rhizosphere Colonization Determinants by Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) |
title | Rhizosphere Colonization Determinants by Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) |
title_full | Rhizosphere Colonization Determinants by Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) |
title_fullStr | Rhizosphere Colonization Determinants by Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) |
title_full_unstemmed | Rhizosphere Colonization Determinants by Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) |
title_short | Rhizosphere Colonization Determinants by Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) |
title_sort | rhizosphere colonization determinants by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8229920/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34072072 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10060475 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT santoyogustavo rhizospherecolonizationdeterminantsbyplantgrowthpromotingrhizobacteriapgpr AT urtisflorescarlosalberto rhizospherecolonizationdeterminantsbyplantgrowthpromotingrhizobacteriapgpr AT loezalarapedrodamian rhizospherecolonizationdeterminantsbyplantgrowthpromotingrhizobacteriapgpr AT orozcomosquedamadelcarmen rhizospherecolonizationdeterminantsbyplantgrowthpromotingrhizobacteriapgpr AT glickbernardr rhizospherecolonizationdeterminantsbyplantgrowthpromotingrhizobacteriapgpr |