Cargando…
Optimization of an Untargeted DART-HRMS Method Envisaging Identification of Potential Markers for Saffron Authenticity Assessment
Saffron is one of the most expensive agricultural products in the world and as such, the most commonly adulterated spice, with undeclared plant-based surrogates or synthetic components simulating color and morphology. Currently, saffron quality is certificated in the international trade market accor...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8230169/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34072324 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10061238 |
_version_ | 1783713144968839168 |
---|---|
author | Angelis, Elisabetta De Pilolli, Rosa Bejjani, Alice Guagnano, Rocco Garino, Cristiano Arlorio, Marco Monaci, Linda |
author_facet | Angelis, Elisabetta De Pilolli, Rosa Bejjani, Alice Guagnano, Rocco Garino, Cristiano Arlorio, Marco Monaci, Linda |
author_sort | Angelis, Elisabetta De |
collection | PubMed |
description | Saffron is one of the most expensive agricultural products in the world and as such, the most commonly adulterated spice, with undeclared plant-based surrogates or synthetic components simulating color and morphology. Currently, saffron quality is certificated in the international trade market according to specific ISO guidelines, which test aroma, flavor, and color strength. However, it has been demonstrated that specific adulterants such as safflower, marigold, or turmeric up to 20% (w/w) cannot be detected under the prescribed approach; therefore, there is still a need for advanced and sensitive screening methods to cope with this open issue. The current investigation aims to develop a rapid and sensitive untargeted method based on an ambient mass spectrometry ionization source (DART) and an Orbitrap™high-resolution mass analyzer to discriminate pure and adulterated saffron samples with either safflower or turmeric. The metabolic profiles of pure and adulterated model samples prepared at different inclusion levels were acquired. Unsupervised multivariate analysis was carried out based on hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis as first confirmation of the discriminating potential of the metabolic profile acquired under optimized DART-HRMS conditions. In addition, a preliminary selection of potential markers for saffron authenticity was accomplished, identifying compounds able to discriminate the type of adulteration down to a concentration level of 5%. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8230169 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82301692021-06-26 Optimization of an Untargeted DART-HRMS Method Envisaging Identification of Potential Markers for Saffron Authenticity Assessment Angelis, Elisabetta De Pilolli, Rosa Bejjani, Alice Guagnano, Rocco Garino, Cristiano Arlorio, Marco Monaci, Linda Foods Article Saffron is one of the most expensive agricultural products in the world and as such, the most commonly adulterated spice, with undeclared plant-based surrogates or synthetic components simulating color and morphology. Currently, saffron quality is certificated in the international trade market according to specific ISO guidelines, which test aroma, flavor, and color strength. However, it has been demonstrated that specific adulterants such as safflower, marigold, or turmeric up to 20% (w/w) cannot be detected under the prescribed approach; therefore, there is still a need for advanced and sensitive screening methods to cope with this open issue. The current investigation aims to develop a rapid and sensitive untargeted method based on an ambient mass spectrometry ionization source (DART) and an Orbitrap™high-resolution mass analyzer to discriminate pure and adulterated saffron samples with either safflower or turmeric. The metabolic profiles of pure and adulterated model samples prepared at different inclusion levels were acquired. Unsupervised multivariate analysis was carried out based on hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis as first confirmation of the discriminating potential of the metabolic profile acquired under optimized DART-HRMS conditions. In addition, a preliminary selection of potential markers for saffron authenticity was accomplished, identifying compounds able to discriminate the type of adulteration down to a concentration level of 5%. MDPI 2021-05-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8230169/ /pubmed/34072324 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10061238 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Angelis, Elisabetta De Pilolli, Rosa Bejjani, Alice Guagnano, Rocco Garino, Cristiano Arlorio, Marco Monaci, Linda Optimization of an Untargeted DART-HRMS Method Envisaging Identification of Potential Markers for Saffron Authenticity Assessment |
title | Optimization of an Untargeted DART-HRMS Method Envisaging Identification of Potential Markers for Saffron Authenticity Assessment |
title_full | Optimization of an Untargeted DART-HRMS Method Envisaging Identification of Potential Markers for Saffron Authenticity Assessment |
title_fullStr | Optimization of an Untargeted DART-HRMS Method Envisaging Identification of Potential Markers for Saffron Authenticity Assessment |
title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of an Untargeted DART-HRMS Method Envisaging Identification of Potential Markers for Saffron Authenticity Assessment |
title_short | Optimization of an Untargeted DART-HRMS Method Envisaging Identification of Potential Markers for Saffron Authenticity Assessment |
title_sort | optimization of an untargeted dart-hrms method envisaging identification of potential markers for saffron authenticity assessment |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8230169/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34072324 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10061238 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT angeliselisabettade optimizationofanuntargeteddarthrmsmethodenvisagingidentificationofpotentialmarkersforsaffronauthenticityassessment AT pilollirosa optimizationofanuntargeteddarthrmsmethodenvisagingidentificationofpotentialmarkersforsaffronauthenticityassessment AT bejjanialice optimizationofanuntargeteddarthrmsmethodenvisagingidentificationofpotentialmarkersforsaffronauthenticityassessment AT guagnanorocco optimizationofanuntargeteddarthrmsmethodenvisagingidentificationofpotentialmarkersforsaffronauthenticityassessment AT garinocristiano optimizationofanuntargeteddarthrmsmethodenvisagingidentificationofpotentialmarkersforsaffronauthenticityassessment AT arloriomarco optimizationofanuntargeteddarthrmsmethodenvisagingidentificationofpotentialmarkersforsaffronauthenticityassessment AT monacilinda optimizationofanuntargeteddarthrmsmethodenvisagingidentificationofpotentialmarkersforsaffronauthenticityassessment |