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Classification of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer’s Tumor Immune Micro-Environment and Strategies to Augment Its Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade
SIMPLE SUMMARY: Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has become a major treatment for lung cancer. Better understanding of the tumor immune micro-environment (TIME) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is urgently needed to better treat it with this type of therapy. In this review, we describe and expl...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8230820/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34208113 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13122924 |
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author | Chi, Alexander He, Xia Hou, Lin Nguyen, Nam P. Zhu, Guangying Cameron, Robert B. Lee, Jay M. |
author_facet | Chi, Alexander He, Xia Hou, Lin Nguyen, Nam P. Zhu, Guangying Cameron, Robert B. Lee, Jay M. |
author_sort | Chi, Alexander |
collection | PubMed |
description | SIMPLE SUMMARY: Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has become a major treatment for lung cancer. Better understanding of the tumor immune micro-environment (TIME) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is urgently needed to better treat it with this type of therapy. In this review, we describe and explore how NSCLC’s TIME relates to response to ICB, as well as how to treat those with unresponsive types of TIME, which will significantly impact future research in lung cancer immunotherapy. ABSTRACT: Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) with checkpoint inhibitors has led to significant and durable response in a subset of patients with advanced stage EGFR and ALK wild-type non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This has been consistently shown to be correlated with the unique characteristics of each patient’s tumor immune micro-environment (TIME), including the composition and distribution of the tumor immune cell infiltrate; the expression of various checkpoints by tumor and immune cells, such as PD-L1; and the presence of various cytokines and chemokines. In this review, the classification of various types of TIME that are present in NSCLC and their correlation with response to ICB in NSCLC are discussed. This is conducted with a focus on the characteristics and identifiable biomarkers of different TIME subtypes that may also be used to predict NSCLC’s clinical response to ICB. Finally, treatment strategies to augment response to ICB in NSCLC with unresponsive types of TIME are explored. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8230820 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82308202021-06-26 Classification of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer’s Tumor Immune Micro-Environment and Strategies to Augment Its Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade Chi, Alexander He, Xia Hou, Lin Nguyen, Nam P. Zhu, Guangying Cameron, Robert B. Lee, Jay M. Cancers (Basel) Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has become a major treatment for lung cancer. Better understanding of the tumor immune micro-environment (TIME) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is urgently needed to better treat it with this type of therapy. In this review, we describe and explore how NSCLC’s TIME relates to response to ICB, as well as how to treat those with unresponsive types of TIME, which will significantly impact future research in lung cancer immunotherapy. ABSTRACT: Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) with checkpoint inhibitors has led to significant and durable response in a subset of patients with advanced stage EGFR and ALK wild-type non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This has been consistently shown to be correlated with the unique characteristics of each patient’s tumor immune micro-environment (TIME), including the composition and distribution of the tumor immune cell infiltrate; the expression of various checkpoints by tumor and immune cells, such as PD-L1; and the presence of various cytokines and chemokines. In this review, the classification of various types of TIME that are present in NSCLC and their correlation with response to ICB in NSCLC are discussed. This is conducted with a focus on the characteristics and identifiable biomarkers of different TIME subtypes that may also be used to predict NSCLC’s clinical response to ICB. Finally, treatment strategies to augment response to ICB in NSCLC with unresponsive types of TIME are explored. MDPI 2021-06-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8230820/ /pubmed/34208113 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13122924 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Chi, Alexander He, Xia Hou, Lin Nguyen, Nam P. Zhu, Guangying Cameron, Robert B. Lee, Jay M. Classification of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer’s Tumor Immune Micro-Environment and Strategies to Augment Its Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade |
title | Classification of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer’s Tumor Immune Micro-Environment and Strategies to Augment Its Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade |
title_full | Classification of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer’s Tumor Immune Micro-Environment and Strategies to Augment Its Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade |
title_fullStr | Classification of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer’s Tumor Immune Micro-Environment and Strategies to Augment Its Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade |
title_full_unstemmed | Classification of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer’s Tumor Immune Micro-Environment and Strategies to Augment Its Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade |
title_short | Classification of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer’s Tumor Immune Micro-Environment and Strategies to Augment Its Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade |
title_sort | classification of non-small cell lung cancer’s tumor immune micro-environment and strategies to augment its response to immune checkpoint blockade |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8230820/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34208113 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13122924 |
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