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Assessment of Operational Degradation of Pipeline Steels

This paper summarizes a series of the authors’ research in the field of assessing the operational degradation of oil and gas transit pipeline steels. Both mechanical and electrochemical properties of steels are deteriorated after operation, as is their resistance to environmentally-assisted cracking...

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Autores principales: Nykyforchyn, Hryhoriy, Zvirko, Olha, Dzioba, Ihor, Krechkovska, Halyna, Hredil, Myroslava, Tsyrulnyk, Oleksandr, Student, Oleksandra, Lipiec, Sebastian, Pala, Robert
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8231119/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34204624
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123247
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author Nykyforchyn, Hryhoriy
Zvirko, Olha
Dzioba, Ihor
Krechkovska, Halyna
Hredil, Myroslava
Tsyrulnyk, Oleksandr
Student, Oleksandra
Lipiec, Sebastian
Pala, Robert
author_facet Nykyforchyn, Hryhoriy
Zvirko, Olha
Dzioba, Ihor
Krechkovska, Halyna
Hredil, Myroslava
Tsyrulnyk, Oleksandr
Student, Oleksandra
Lipiec, Sebastian
Pala, Robert
author_sort Nykyforchyn, Hryhoriy
collection PubMed
description This paper summarizes a series of the authors’ research in the field of assessing the operational degradation of oil and gas transit pipeline steels. Both mechanical and electrochemical properties of steels are deteriorated after operation, as is their resistance to environmentally-assisted cracking. The characteristics of resistance to brittle fracture and stress corrosion cracking decrease most intensively, which is associated with a development of in-bulk dissipated microdamages of the material. The most sensitive indicators of changes in the material’s state caused by degradation are impact toughness and fracture toughness by the J-integral method. The degradation degree of pipeline steels can also be evaluated nondestructively based on in-service changes in their polarization resistance and potential of the fracture surface. Attention is drawn to hydrogenation of a pipe wall from inside as a result of the electrochemical interaction of pipe metal with condensed moisture, which facilitates operational degradation of steel due to the combined action of operating stresses and hydrogen. The development of microdamages along steel texture was evidenced metallographically as a trend to the selective etching of boundaries between adjacent bands of ferrite and pearlite and fractographically by revealing brittle fracture elements on the fracture surfaces, namely delamination and cleavage, indicating the sites of cohesion weakening between ferrite and pearlite bands. The state of the X52 steel in its initial state and after use for 30 years was assessed based on the numerical simulation method.
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spelling pubmed-82311192021-06-26 Assessment of Operational Degradation of Pipeline Steels Nykyforchyn, Hryhoriy Zvirko, Olha Dzioba, Ihor Krechkovska, Halyna Hredil, Myroslava Tsyrulnyk, Oleksandr Student, Oleksandra Lipiec, Sebastian Pala, Robert Materials (Basel) Article This paper summarizes a series of the authors’ research in the field of assessing the operational degradation of oil and gas transit pipeline steels. Both mechanical and electrochemical properties of steels are deteriorated after operation, as is their resistance to environmentally-assisted cracking. The characteristics of resistance to brittle fracture and stress corrosion cracking decrease most intensively, which is associated with a development of in-bulk dissipated microdamages of the material. The most sensitive indicators of changes in the material’s state caused by degradation are impact toughness and fracture toughness by the J-integral method. The degradation degree of pipeline steels can also be evaluated nondestructively based on in-service changes in their polarization resistance and potential of the fracture surface. Attention is drawn to hydrogenation of a pipe wall from inside as a result of the electrochemical interaction of pipe metal with condensed moisture, which facilitates operational degradation of steel due to the combined action of operating stresses and hydrogen. The development of microdamages along steel texture was evidenced metallographically as a trend to the selective etching of boundaries between adjacent bands of ferrite and pearlite and fractographically by revealing brittle fracture elements on the fracture surfaces, namely delamination and cleavage, indicating the sites of cohesion weakening between ferrite and pearlite bands. The state of the X52 steel in its initial state and after use for 30 years was assessed based on the numerical simulation method. MDPI 2021-06-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8231119/ /pubmed/34204624 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123247 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Nykyforchyn, Hryhoriy
Zvirko, Olha
Dzioba, Ihor
Krechkovska, Halyna
Hredil, Myroslava
Tsyrulnyk, Oleksandr
Student, Oleksandra
Lipiec, Sebastian
Pala, Robert
Assessment of Operational Degradation of Pipeline Steels
title Assessment of Operational Degradation of Pipeline Steels
title_full Assessment of Operational Degradation of Pipeline Steels
title_fullStr Assessment of Operational Degradation of Pipeline Steels
title_full_unstemmed Assessment of Operational Degradation of Pipeline Steels
title_short Assessment of Operational Degradation of Pipeline Steels
title_sort assessment of operational degradation of pipeline steels
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8231119/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34204624
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123247
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