Cargando…
Assessment of Operational Degradation of Pipeline Steels
This paper summarizes a series of the authors’ research in the field of assessing the operational degradation of oil and gas transit pipeline steels. Both mechanical and electrochemical properties of steels are deteriorated after operation, as is their resistance to environmentally-assisted cracking...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8231119/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34204624 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123247 |
_version_ | 1783713356943720448 |
---|---|
author | Nykyforchyn, Hryhoriy Zvirko, Olha Dzioba, Ihor Krechkovska, Halyna Hredil, Myroslava Tsyrulnyk, Oleksandr Student, Oleksandra Lipiec, Sebastian Pala, Robert |
author_facet | Nykyforchyn, Hryhoriy Zvirko, Olha Dzioba, Ihor Krechkovska, Halyna Hredil, Myroslava Tsyrulnyk, Oleksandr Student, Oleksandra Lipiec, Sebastian Pala, Robert |
author_sort | Nykyforchyn, Hryhoriy |
collection | PubMed |
description | This paper summarizes a series of the authors’ research in the field of assessing the operational degradation of oil and gas transit pipeline steels. Both mechanical and electrochemical properties of steels are deteriorated after operation, as is their resistance to environmentally-assisted cracking. The characteristics of resistance to brittle fracture and stress corrosion cracking decrease most intensively, which is associated with a development of in-bulk dissipated microdamages of the material. The most sensitive indicators of changes in the material’s state caused by degradation are impact toughness and fracture toughness by the J-integral method. The degradation degree of pipeline steels can also be evaluated nondestructively based on in-service changes in their polarization resistance and potential of the fracture surface. Attention is drawn to hydrogenation of a pipe wall from inside as a result of the electrochemical interaction of pipe metal with condensed moisture, which facilitates operational degradation of steel due to the combined action of operating stresses and hydrogen. The development of microdamages along steel texture was evidenced metallographically as a trend to the selective etching of boundaries between adjacent bands of ferrite and pearlite and fractographically by revealing brittle fracture elements on the fracture surfaces, namely delamination and cleavage, indicating the sites of cohesion weakening between ferrite and pearlite bands. The state of the X52 steel in its initial state and after use for 30 years was assessed based on the numerical simulation method. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8231119 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82311192021-06-26 Assessment of Operational Degradation of Pipeline Steels Nykyforchyn, Hryhoriy Zvirko, Olha Dzioba, Ihor Krechkovska, Halyna Hredil, Myroslava Tsyrulnyk, Oleksandr Student, Oleksandra Lipiec, Sebastian Pala, Robert Materials (Basel) Article This paper summarizes a series of the authors’ research in the field of assessing the operational degradation of oil and gas transit pipeline steels. Both mechanical and electrochemical properties of steels are deteriorated after operation, as is their resistance to environmentally-assisted cracking. The characteristics of resistance to brittle fracture and stress corrosion cracking decrease most intensively, which is associated with a development of in-bulk dissipated microdamages of the material. The most sensitive indicators of changes in the material’s state caused by degradation are impact toughness and fracture toughness by the J-integral method. The degradation degree of pipeline steels can also be evaluated nondestructively based on in-service changes in their polarization resistance and potential of the fracture surface. Attention is drawn to hydrogenation of a pipe wall from inside as a result of the electrochemical interaction of pipe metal with condensed moisture, which facilitates operational degradation of steel due to the combined action of operating stresses and hydrogen. The development of microdamages along steel texture was evidenced metallographically as a trend to the selective etching of boundaries between adjacent bands of ferrite and pearlite and fractographically by revealing brittle fracture elements on the fracture surfaces, namely delamination and cleavage, indicating the sites of cohesion weakening between ferrite and pearlite bands. The state of the X52 steel in its initial state and after use for 30 years was assessed based on the numerical simulation method. MDPI 2021-06-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8231119/ /pubmed/34204624 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123247 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Nykyforchyn, Hryhoriy Zvirko, Olha Dzioba, Ihor Krechkovska, Halyna Hredil, Myroslava Tsyrulnyk, Oleksandr Student, Oleksandra Lipiec, Sebastian Pala, Robert Assessment of Operational Degradation of Pipeline Steels |
title | Assessment of Operational Degradation of Pipeline Steels |
title_full | Assessment of Operational Degradation of Pipeline Steels |
title_fullStr | Assessment of Operational Degradation of Pipeline Steels |
title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Operational Degradation of Pipeline Steels |
title_short | Assessment of Operational Degradation of Pipeline Steels |
title_sort | assessment of operational degradation of pipeline steels |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8231119/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34204624 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123247 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT nykyforchynhryhoriy assessmentofoperationaldegradationofpipelinesteels AT zvirkoolha assessmentofoperationaldegradationofpipelinesteels AT dziobaihor assessmentofoperationaldegradationofpipelinesteels AT krechkovskahalyna assessmentofoperationaldegradationofpipelinesteels AT hredilmyroslava assessmentofoperationaldegradationofpipelinesteels AT tsyrulnykoleksandr assessmentofoperationaldegradationofpipelinesteels AT studentoleksandra assessmentofoperationaldegradationofpipelinesteels AT lipiecsebastian assessmentofoperationaldegradationofpipelinesteels AT palarobert assessmentofoperationaldegradationofpipelinesteels |