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All-Solid-State Optical Phased Arrays of Mid-Infrared Based Graphene-Metal Hybrid Metasurfaces

Optical phased arrays (OPAs) are essential optical elements in applications that require the ability to manipulate the light-wavefront, such as beam focusing and light steering. To miniaturize the optical components, active metasurfaces, especially graphene metasurfaces, are used as competent altern...

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Autores principales: Wang, Yue, Wang, Yu, Yang, Guohui, Li, Qingyan, Zhang, Yu, Yan, Shiyu, Wang, Chunhui
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8231197/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34208301
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11061552
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author Wang, Yue
Wang, Yu
Yang, Guohui
Li, Qingyan
Zhang, Yu
Yan, Shiyu
Wang, Chunhui
author_facet Wang, Yue
Wang, Yu
Yang, Guohui
Li, Qingyan
Zhang, Yu
Yan, Shiyu
Wang, Chunhui
author_sort Wang, Yue
collection PubMed
description Optical phased arrays (OPAs) are essential optical elements in applications that require the ability to manipulate the light-wavefront, such as beam focusing and light steering. To miniaturize the optical components, active metasurfaces, especially graphene metasurfaces, are used as competent alternatives. However, the metasurface cannot achieve strong resonance effect and phase control function in the mid-infrared region only relying on a single-layer graphene. Here we present a graphene-metal hybrid metasurface that can generate a specific phase or a continuous sweep in the range of a 275°-based single-layer graphene structure. A key feature of our design is that the phase adjustment mainly depends on the combination mechanism of resonance intensity and frequency modulation. An all-solid-state, electrically tunable, and reflective OPA is designed by applying the bias voltage to a different pixel metasurface. The simulation results show that the maximum deflection angle of the OPA can reach 42.716°, and the angular resolution can reach 0.62°. This design can be widely applied to mid-infrared imaging, optical sensing, and optical communication systems.
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spelling pubmed-82311972021-06-26 All-Solid-State Optical Phased Arrays of Mid-Infrared Based Graphene-Metal Hybrid Metasurfaces Wang, Yue Wang, Yu Yang, Guohui Li, Qingyan Zhang, Yu Yan, Shiyu Wang, Chunhui Nanomaterials (Basel) Article Optical phased arrays (OPAs) are essential optical elements in applications that require the ability to manipulate the light-wavefront, such as beam focusing and light steering. To miniaturize the optical components, active metasurfaces, especially graphene metasurfaces, are used as competent alternatives. However, the metasurface cannot achieve strong resonance effect and phase control function in the mid-infrared region only relying on a single-layer graphene. Here we present a graphene-metal hybrid metasurface that can generate a specific phase or a continuous sweep in the range of a 275°-based single-layer graphene structure. A key feature of our design is that the phase adjustment mainly depends on the combination mechanism of resonance intensity and frequency modulation. An all-solid-state, electrically tunable, and reflective OPA is designed by applying the bias voltage to a different pixel metasurface. The simulation results show that the maximum deflection angle of the OPA can reach 42.716°, and the angular resolution can reach 0.62°. This design can be widely applied to mid-infrared imaging, optical sensing, and optical communication systems. MDPI 2021-06-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8231197/ /pubmed/34208301 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11061552 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Wang, Yue
Wang, Yu
Yang, Guohui
Li, Qingyan
Zhang, Yu
Yan, Shiyu
Wang, Chunhui
All-Solid-State Optical Phased Arrays of Mid-Infrared Based Graphene-Metal Hybrid Metasurfaces
title All-Solid-State Optical Phased Arrays of Mid-Infrared Based Graphene-Metal Hybrid Metasurfaces
title_full All-Solid-State Optical Phased Arrays of Mid-Infrared Based Graphene-Metal Hybrid Metasurfaces
title_fullStr All-Solid-State Optical Phased Arrays of Mid-Infrared Based Graphene-Metal Hybrid Metasurfaces
title_full_unstemmed All-Solid-State Optical Phased Arrays of Mid-Infrared Based Graphene-Metal Hybrid Metasurfaces
title_short All-Solid-State Optical Phased Arrays of Mid-Infrared Based Graphene-Metal Hybrid Metasurfaces
title_sort all-solid-state optical phased arrays of mid-infrared based graphene-metal hybrid metasurfaces
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8231197/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34208301
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11061552
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