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Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Hydroquinone Sulfonate-Based Redox Active Ionic Liquid

Introducing redox-active moieties into an ionic liquid (IL) structure is an exciting and attractive approach that has received increasing interest over recent years for a various range of energy applications. The so-called redox-active ionic liquids (RAILs) provide a highly versatile platform to pot...

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Autores principales: Aidoudi, Farida H., Sinopoli, Alessandro, Arunachalam, Muthumeenal, Merzougui, Belabbes, Aïssa, Brahim
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8231554/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34204769
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123259
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author Aidoudi, Farida H.
Sinopoli, Alessandro
Arunachalam, Muthumeenal
Merzougui, Belabbes
Aïssa, Brahim
author_facet Aidoudi, Farida H.
Sinopoli, Alessandro
Arunachalam, Muthumeenal
Merzougui, Belabbes
Aïssa, Brahim
author_sort Aidoudi, Farida H.
collection PubMed
description Introducing redox-active moieties into an ionic liquid (IL) structure is an exciting and attractive approach that has received increasing interest over recent years for a various range of energy applications. The so-called redox-active ionic liquids (RAILs) provide a highly versatile platform to potentially create multifunctional electroactive materials. Ionic liquids are molten salts consisting of ionic species, often having a melting point lower than 100 °C. Such liquids are obtained by combining a bulky asymmetric organic cation and a small anion. Here, we report on the synthesis of a novel RAIL, namely 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydroquinone sulfonate ((BMIM)(HQS)). (BMIM)(HQS) was synthesized in a two-step procedure, starting by the quaternization of methylimidazole using butylchloride to produce 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ((BMIM)(Cl)), and followed by the anion exchange reaction, where the chloride anion is exchanged with hydroquinone sulfonate. The resulting product was characterized by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy, themogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry, and shows a high stability up to 340 °C. Its electrochemical behavior was investigated using cyclic voltammetry at different temperatures and its viscosity analysis was also performed at variable temperatures. The electrochemical response of the presented RAIL was found to be temperature dependent and diffusion controlled. Overall, our results demonstrated that (BMIM)(mix of HQS and HSQ) is redox active and possesses high stability and low volatility, leading to the employment of this RAIL without any additional supporting electrolyte or additives.
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spelling pubmed-82315542021-06-26 Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Hydroquinone Sulfonate-Based Redox Active Ionic Liquid Aidoudi, Farida H. Sinopoli, Alessandro Arunachalam, Muthumeenal Merzougui, Belabbes Aïssa, Brahim Materials (Basel) Article Introducing redox-active moieties into an ionic liquid (IL) structure is an exciting and attractive approach that has received increasing interest over recent years for a various range of energy applications. The so-called redox-active ionic liquids (RAILs) provide a highly versatile platform to potentially create multifunctional electroactive materials. Ionic liquids are molten salts consisting of ionic species, often having a melting point lower than 100 °C. Such liquids are obtained by combining a bulky asymmetric organic cation and a small anion. Here, we report on the synthesis of a novel RAIL, namely 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydroquinone sulfonate ((BMIM)(HQS)). (BMIM)(HQS) was synthesized in a two-step procedure, starting by the quaternization of methylimidazole using butylchloride to produce 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ((BMIM)(Cl)), and followed by the anion exchange reaction, where the chloride anion is exchanged with hydroquinone sulfonate. The resulting product was characterized by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy, themogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry, and shows a high stability up to 340 °C. Its electrochemical behavior was investigated using cyclic voltammetry at different temperatures and its viscosity analysis was also performed at variable temperatures. The electrochemical response of the presented RAIL was found to be temperature dependent and diffusion controlled. Overall, our results demonstrated that (BMIM)(mix of HQS and HSQ) is redox active and possesses high stability and low volatility, leading to the employment of this RAIL without any additional supporting electrolyte or additives. MDPI 2021-06-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8231554/ /pubmed/34204769 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123259 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Aidoudi, Farida H.
Sinopoli, Alessandro
Arunachalam, Muthumeenal
Merzougui, Belabbes
Aïssa, Brahim
Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Hydroquinone Sulfonate-Based Redox Active Ionic Liquid
title Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Hydroquinone Sulfonate-Based Redox Active Ionic Liquid
title_full Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Hydroquinone Sulfonate-Based Redox Active Ionic Liquid
title_fullStr Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Hydroquinone Sulfonate-Based Redox Active Ionic Liquid
title_full_unstemmed Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Hydroquinone Sulfonate-Based Redox Active Ionic Liquid
title_short Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Hydroquinone Sulfonate-Based Redox Active Ionic Liquid
title_sort synthesis and characterization of a novel hydroquinone sulfonate-based redox active ionic liquid
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8231554/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34204769
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123259
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