SARS-CoV-2 Antigenemia as a Confounding Factor in Immunodiagnostic Assays: A Case Study

Humoral immunity has emerged as a vital immune component against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Nevertheless, a subset of recovered Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) paucisymptomatic/asymptomatic individuals do not generate an antibody response, constituting a parado...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Belogiannis, Konstantinos, Florou, Venetia A., Fragkou, Paraskevi C., Ferous, Stefanos, Chatzis, Loukas, Polyzou, Aikaterini, Lagopati, Nefeli, Vassilakos, Demetrios, Kittas, Christos, Tzioufas, Athanasios G., Tsiodras, Sotirios, Sourvinos, George, Gorgoulis, Vassilis G.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Case Report
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8232125/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34198719
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13061143
Descripción
Sumario:Humoral immunity has emerged as a vital immune component against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Nevertheless, a subset of recovered Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) paucisymptomatic/asymptomatic individuals do not generate an antibody response, constituting a paradox. We assumed that immunodiagnostic assays may operate under a competitive format within the context of antigenemia, potentially explaining this phenomenon. We present a case where persistent antigenemia/viremia was documented for at least 73 days post-symptom onset using ‘in-house’ methodology, and as it progressively declined, seroconversion took place late, around day 55, supporting our hypothesis. Thus, prolonged SARS-CoV-2 antigenemia/viremia could mask humoral responses, rendering, in certain cases, the phenomenon of ‘non-responders’ a misnomer.

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