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Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Potential Therapeutic Application in Tissue Repair and Regeneration

Recently, many studies investigated the role of a specific type of stem cell named the endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) in tissue regeneration and repair. EPCs represent a heterogeneous population of mononuclear cells resident in the adult bone marrow. EPCs can migrate and differentiate in injured...

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Autores principales: Terriaca, Sonia, Fiorelli, Elena, Scioli, Maria Giovanna, Fabbri, Giulia, Storti, Gabriele, Cervelli, Valerio, Orlandi, Augusto
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8232313/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34203627
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126375
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author Terriaca, Sonia
Fiorelli, Elena
Scioli, Maria Giovanna
Fabbri, Giulia
Storti, Gabriele
Cervelli, Valerio
Orlandi, Augusto
author_facet Terriaca, Sonia
Fiorelli, Elena
Scioli, Maria Giovanna
Fabbri, Giulia
Storti, Gabriele
Cervelli, Valerio
Orlandi, Augusto
author_sort Terriaca, Sonia
collection PubMed
description Recently, many studies investigated the role of a specific type of stem cell named the endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) in tissue regeneration and repair. EPCs represent a heterogeneous population of mononuclear cells resident in the adult bone marrow. EPCs can migrate and differentiate in injured sites or act in a paracrine way. Among the EPCs’ secretome, extracellular vesicles (EVs) gained relevance due to their possible use for cell-free biological therapy. They are more biocompatible, less immunogenic, and present a lower oncological risk compared to cell-based options. EVs can efficiently pass the pulmonary filter and deliver to target tissues different molecules, such as micro-RNA, growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and non-coding RNAs. Their effects are often analogous to their cellular counterparts, and EPC-derived EVs have been tested in vitro and on animal models to treat several medical conditions, including ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, diabetes, and acute kidney injury. EPC-derived EVs have also been studied for bone, brain, and lung regeneration and as carriers for drug delivery. This review will discuss the pre-clinical evidence regarding EPC-derived EVs in the different disease models and regenerative settings. Moreover, we will discuss the translation of their use into clinical practice and the possible limitations of this process.
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spelling pubmed-82323132021-06-26 Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Potential Therapeutic Application in Tissue Repair and Regeneration Terriaca, Sonia Fiorelli, Elena Scioli, Maria Giovanna Fabbri, Giulia Storti, Gabriele Cervelli, Valerio Orlandi, Augusto Int J Mol Sci Review Recently, many studies investigated the role of a specific type of stem cell named the endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) in tissue regeneration and repair. EPCs represent a heterogeneous population of mononuclear cells resident in the adult bone marrow. EPCs can migrate and differentiate in injured sites or act in a paracrine way. Among the EPCs’ secretome, extracellular vesicles (EVs) gained relevance due to their possible use for cell-free biological therapy. They are more biocompatible, less immunogenic, and present a lower oncological risk compared to cell-based options. EVs can efficiently pass the pulmonary filter and deliver to target tissues different molecules, such as micro-RNA, growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and non-coding RNAs. Their effects are often analogous to their cellular counterparts, and EPC-derived EVs have been tested in vitro and on animal models to treat several medical conditions, including ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, diabetes, and acute kidney injury. EPC-derived EVs have also been studied for bone, brain, and lung regeneration and as carriers for drug delivery. This review will discuss the pre-clinical evidence regarding EPC-derived EVs in the different disease models and regenerative settings. Moreover, we will discuss the translation of their use into clinical practice and the possible limitations of this process. MDPI 2021-06-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8232313/ /pubmed/34203627 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126375 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Terriaca, Sonia
Fiorelli, Elena
Scioli, Maria Giovanna
Fabbri, Giulia
Storti, Gabriele
Cervelli, Valerio
Orlandi, Augusto
Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Potential Therapeutic Application in Tissue Repair and Regeneration
title Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Potential Therapeutic Application in Tissue Repair and Regeneration
title_full Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Potential Therapeutic Application in Tissue Repair and Regeneration
title_fullStr Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Potential Therapeutic Application in Tissue Repair and Regeneration
title_full_unstemmed Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Potential Therapeutic Application in Tissue Repair and Regeneration
title_short Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Potential Therapeutic Application in Tissue Repair and Regeneration
title_sort endothelial progenitor cell-derived extracellular vesicles: potential therapeutic application in tissue repair and regeneration
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8232313/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34203627
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126375
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