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Two-Photon Polymerization: Functionalized Microstructures, Micro-Resonators, and Bio-Scaffolds
The direct laser writing technique based on two-photon polymerization (TPP) has evolved considerably over the past two decades. Its remarkable characteristics, such as 3D capability, sub-diffraction resolution, material flexibility, and gentle processing conditions, have made it suitable for several...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8234590/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34207089 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13121994 |
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author | Otuka, Adriano J. G. Tomazio, Nathália B. Paula, Kelly T. Mendonça, Cleber R. |
author_facet | Otuka, Adriano J. G. Tomazio, Nathália B. Paula, Kelly T. Mendonça, Cleber R. |
author_sort | Otuka, Adriano J. G. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The direct laser writing technique based on two-photon polymerization (TPP) has evolved considerably over the past two decades. Its remarkable characteristics, such as 3D capability, sub-diffraction resolution, material flexibility, and gentle processing conditions, have made it suitable for several applications in photonics and biosciences. In this review, we present an overview of the progress of TPP towards the fabrication of functionalized microstructures, whispering gallery mode (WGM) microresonators, and microenvironments for culturing microorganisms. We also describe the key physical-chemical fundamentals underlying the technique, the typical experimental setups, and the different materials employed for TPP. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8234590 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-82345902021-06-27 Two-Photon Polymerization: Functionalized Microstructures, Micro-Resonators, and Bio-Scaffolds Otuka, Adriano J. G. Tomazio, Nathália B. Paula, Kelly T. Mendonça, Cleber R. Polymers (Basel) Review The direct laser writing technique based on two-photon polymerization (TPP) has evolved considerably over the past two decades. Its remarkable characteristics, such as 3D capability, sub-diffraction resolution, material flexibility, and gentle processing conditions, have made it suitable for several applications in photonics and biosciences. In this review, we present an overview of the progress of TPP towards the fabrication of functionalized microstructures, whispering gallery mode (WGM) microresonators, and microenvironments for culturing microorganisms. We also describe the key physical-chemical fundamentals underlying the technique, the typical experimental setups, and the different materials employed for TPP. MDPI 2021-06-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8234590/ /pubmed/34207089 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13121994 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Otuka, Adriano J. G. Tomazio, Nathália B. Paula, Kelly T. Mendonça, Cleber R. Two-Photon Polymerization: Functionalized Microstructures, Micro-Resonators, and Bio-Scaffolds |
title | Two-Photon Polymerization: Functionalized Microstructures, Micro-Resonators, and Bio-Scaffolds |
title_full | Two-Photon Polymerization: Functionalized Microstructures, Micro-Resonators, and Bio-Scaffolds |
title_fullStr | Two-Photon Polymerization: Functionalized Microstructures, Micro-Resonators, and Bio-Scaffolds |
title_full_unstemmed | Two-Photon Polymerization: Functionalized Microstructures, Micro-Resonators, and Bio-Scaffolds |
title_short | Two-Photon Polymerization: Functionalized Microstructures, Micro-Resonators, and Bio-Scaffolds |
title_sort | two-photon polymerization: functionalized microstructures, micro-resonators, and bio-scaffolds |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8234590/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34207089 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13121994 |
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