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The Impact of Vegan Diet in the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review

A protective effect of vegan diets on health outcomes has been observed in previous studies, but its impact on diabetes is still debated. The aim of this review is to assess the relationship between vegan diets and the risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) along with its effect on glycemic control and diab...

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Autores principales: Pollakova, Daniela, Andreadi, Aikaterini, Pacifici, Francesca, Della-Morte, David, Lauro, Davide, Tubili, Claudio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8235036/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34205679
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13062123
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author Pollakova, Daniela
Andreadi, Aikaterini
Pacifici, Francesca
Della-Morte, David
Lauro, Davide
Tubili, Claudio
author_facet Pollakova, Daniela
Andreadi, Aikaterini
Pacifici, Francesca
Della-Morte, David
Lauro, Davide
Tubili, Claudio
author_sort Pollakova, Daniela
collection PubMed
description A protective effect of vegan diets on health outcomes has been observed in previous studies, but its impact on diabetes is still debated. The aim of this review is to assess the relationship between vegan diets and the risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) along with its effect on glycemic control and diabetes-related complications. In accordance with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta–Analyses) guidelines, Pubmed and Cochrane library databases were systematically searched for all relevant studies. Seven observational and eight randomized controlled (RCTs) studies were included. The methodological quality of studies was assessed using the National Institutes of Health quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for RCTs. We found that a vegan diet is associated with lower T2D prevalence or incidence and in T2D patients decreases high glucose values and improves glucose homeostasis, as reported from the majority of included studies. This approach seems to be comparable to other recommended healthful eating models, but as it may have potential adverse effects associated with the long-term exclusion of some nutrients, appropriate nutritional planning and surveillance are recommended, particularly in specific groups of diabetic patients such as frail elderly, adolescents, and pregnant or breastfeeding women.
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spelling pubmed-82350362021-06-27 The Impact of Vegan Diet in the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review Pollakova, Daniela Andreadi, Aikaterini Pacifici, Francesca Della-Morte, David Lauro, Davide Tubili, Claudio Nutrients Review A protective effect of vegan diets on health outcomes has been observed in previous studies, but its impact on diabetes is still debated. The aim of this review is to assess the relationship between vegan diets and the risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) along with its effect on glycemic control and diabetes-related complications. In accordance with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta–Analyses) guidelines, Pubmed and Cochrane library databases were systematically searched for all relevant studies. Seven observational and eight randomized controlled (RCTs) studies were included. The methodological quality of studies was assessed using the National Institutes of Health quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for RCTs. We found that a vegan diet is associated with lower T2D prevalence or incidence and in T2D patients decreases high glucose values and improves glucose homeostasis, as reported from the majority of included studies. This approach seems to be comparable to other recommended healthful eating models, but as it may have potential adverse effects associated with the long-term exclusion of some nutrients, appropriate nutritional planning and surveillance are recommended, particularly in specific groups of diabetic patients such as frail elderly, adolescents, and pregnant or breastfeeding women. MDPI 2021-06-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8235036/ /pubmed/34205679 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13062123 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Pollakova, Daniela
Andreadi, Aikaterini
Pacifici, Francesca
Della-Morte, David
Lauro, Davide
Tubili, Claudio
The Impact of Vegan Diet in the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
title The Impact of Vegan Diet in the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
title_full The Impact of Vegan Diet in the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr The Impact of Vegan Diet in the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed The Impact of Vegan Diet in the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
title_short The Impact of Vegan Diet in the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
title_sort impact of vegan diet in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8235036/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34205679
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13062123
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