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Late Relapse and Reinfection in HCV Patients Treated with Direct-Acting Antiviral (DAA) Drugs

The risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) recurrence after direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment is <0.5%. However, the distinction between HCV RNA late relapse and reinfection still represents a challenge in virological diagnostics. The aim of this study was to employ next-generation sequencing (NGS...

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Autores principales: Minosse, Claudia, Gruber, Cesare E. M., Rueca, Martina, Taibi, Chiara, Zaccarelli, Mauro, Grilli, Elisabetta, Montalbano, Marzia, Capobianchi, Maria R., Antinori, Andrea, D’Offizi, Gianpiero, McPhee, Fiona, Garbuglia, Anna Rosa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8235384/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34208646
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13061151
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author Minosse, Claudia
Gruber, Cesare E. M.
Rueca, Martina
Taibi, Chiara
Zaccarelli, Mauro
Grilli, Elisabetta
Montalbano, Marzia
Capobianchi, Maria R.
Antinori, Andrea
D’Offizi, Gianpiero
McPhee, Fiona
Garbuglia, Anna Rosa
author_facet Minosse, Claudia
Gruber, Cesare E. M.
Rueca, Martina
Taibi, Chiara
Zaccarelli, Mauro
Grilli, Elisabetta
Montalbano, Marzia
Capobianchi, Maria R.
Antinori, Andrea
D’Offizi, Gianpiero
McPhee, Fiona
Garbuglia, Anna Rosa
author_sort Minosse, Claudia
collection PubMed
description The risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) recurrence after direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment is <0.5%. However, the distinction between HCV RNA late relapse and reinfection still represents a challenge in virological diagnostics. The aim of this study was to employ next-generation sequencing (NGS) to investigate HCV RNA recurrence in patients achieving a sustained virologic response (SVR) at least six months post-treatment. NGS was performed on plasma samples from six HCV-positive patients (Pt1–6) treated with DAA. NGS of HCV NS5B was analyzed before treatment (T0), after HCV RNA rebound (T1), and, for Pt3, after a second rebound (T2). Reinfection was confirmed for Pt5, and for the first rebound observed in Pt3. Conversely, viral relapse was observed when comparing T0 and T1 for Pt6 and T1 and T2 for Pt3. Z-scores were calculated and used to predict whether HCV-positive patient samples at different time points belonged to the same quasispecies population. A low Z-score of <2.58 confirmed that viral quasispecies detected at T0 and T1 were closely related for both Pt1 and Pt2, while the Z-score for Pt4 was suggestive of possible reinfection. NGS data analyses indicate that the Z-score may be a useful parameter for distinguishing late relapse from reinfection.
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spelling pubmed-82353842021-06-27 Late Relapse and Reinfection in HCV Patients Treated with Direct-Acting Antiviral (DAA) Drugs Minosse, Claudia Gruber, Cesare E. M. Rueca, Martina Taibi, Chiara Zaccarelli, Mauro Grilli, Elisabetta Montalbano, Marzia Capobianchi, Maria R. Antinori, Andrea D’Offizi, Gianpiero McPhee, Fiona Garbuglia, Anna Rosa Viruses Article The risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) recurrence after direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment is <0.5%. However, the distinction between HCV RNA late relapse and reinfection still represents a challenge in virological diagnostics. The aim of this study was to employ next-generation sequencing (NGS) to investigate HCV RNA recurrence in patients achieving a sustained virologic response (SVR) at least six months post-treatment. NGS was performed on plasma samples from six HCV-positive patients (Pt1–6) treated with DAA. NGS of HCV NS5B was analyzed before treatment (T0), after HCV RNA rebound (T1), and, for Pt3, after a second rebound (T2). Reinfection was confirmed for Pt5, and for the first rebound observed in Pt3. Conversely, viral relapse was observed when comparing T0 and T1 for Pt6 and T1 and T2 for Pt3. Z-scores were calculated and used to predict whether HCV-positive patient samples at different time points belonged to the same quasispecies population. A low Z-score of <2.58 confirmed that viral quasispecies detected at T0 and T1 were closely related for both Pt1 and Pt2, while the Z-score for Pt4 was suggestive of possible reinfection. NGS data analyses indicate that the Z-score may be a useful parameter for distinguishing late relapse from reinfection. MDPI 2021-06-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8235384/ /pubmed/34208646 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13061151 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Minosse, Claudia
Gruber, Cesare E. M.
Rueca, Martina
Taibi, Chiara
Zaccarelli, Mauro
Grilli, Elisabetta
Montalbano, Marzia
Capobianchi, Maria R.
Antinori, Andrea
D’Offizi, Gianpiero
McPhee, Fiona
Garbuglia, Anna Rosa
Late Relapse and Reinfection in HCV Patients Treated with Direct-Acting Antiviral (DAA) Drugs
title Late Relapse and Reinfection in HCV Patients Treated with Direct-Acting Antiviral (DAA) Drugs
title_full Late Relapse and Reinfection in HCV Patients Treated with Direct-Acting Antiviral (DAA) Drugs
title_fullStr Late Relapse and Reinfection in HCV Patients Treated with Direct-Acting Antiviral (DAA) Drugs
title_full_unstemmed Late Relapse and Reinfection in HCV Patients Treated with Direct-Acting Antiviral (DAA) Drugs
title_short Late Relapse and Reinfection in HCV Patients Treated with Direct-Acting Antiviral (DAA) Drugs
title_sort late relapse and reinfection in hcv patients treated with direct-acting antiviral (daa) drugs
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8235384/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34208646
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13061151
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