Cargando…

In Vitro Selection of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Antioxidants to Develop an Innovative Synbiotic (NatuREN G) and Testing Its Effect in Reducing Uremic Toxins in Fecal Batches from CKD Patients

We aimed to develop an innovative synbiotic formulation for use in reducing dysbiosis, uremic toxins (e.g., p-cresol and indoxyl sulfate), and, consequently, the pathognomonic features of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Twenty-five probiotic strains, belonging to lactobacilli and Bifidob...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Vacca, Mirco, Celano, Giuseppe, Lenucci, Marcello Salvatore, Fontana, Sergio, la Forgia, Flavia Maria, Minervini, Fabio, Scarano, Aurelia, Santino, Angelo, Dalfino, Giuseppe, Gesualdo, Loreto, De Angelis, Maria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8235484/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34204263
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9061316
_version_ 1783714329376325632
author Vacca, Mirco
Celano, Giuseppe
Lenucci, Marcello Salvatore
Fontana, Sergio
la Forgia, Flavia Maria
Minervini, Fabio
Scarano, Aurelia
Santino, Angelo
Dalfino, Giuseppe
Gesualdo, Loreto
De Angelis, Maria
author_facet Vacca, Mirco
Celano, Giuseppe
Lenucci, Marcello Salvatore
Fontana, Sergio
la Forgia, Flavia Maria
Minervini, Fabio
Scarano, Aurelia
Santino, Angelo
Dalfino, Giuseppe
Gesualdo, Loreto
De Angelis, Maria
author_sort Vacca, Mirco
collection PubMed
description We aimed to develop an innovative synbiotic formulation for use in reducing dysbiosis, uremic toxins (e.g., p-cresol and indoxyl sulfate), and, consequently, the pathognomonic features of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Twenty-five probiotic strains, belonging to lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium, were tested for their ability to grow in co-culture with different vegetable (pomegranate, tomato, and grapes) sources of antioxidants and prebiotics (inulin, fructo-oligosaccharides, and β-glucans). Probiotics were selected based on the acidification rates and viable cell counts. Inulin and fructo-oligosaccharides reported the best prebiotic activity, while a pomegranate seed extract was initially chosen as antioxidant source. The investigation was also conducted in fecal batches from healthy and CKD subjects, on which metabolomic analyses (profiling volatile organic compounds and total free amino acids) were conducted. Two out of twenty-five probiotics were finally selected. After the stability tests, the selective innovative synbiotic formulation (named NatuREN G) comprised Bifidobacterium animalis BLC1, Lacticaseibacillus casei LC4P1, fructo-oligosaccharides, inulin, quercetin, resveratrol, and proanthocyanidins. Finally, NatuREN G was evaluated on fecal batches collected from CKD in which modified the viable cell densities of some cultivable bacterial patterns, increased the concentration of acetic acid and decane, while reduced the concentration of nonanoic acid, dimethyl trisulfide, and indoxyl sulfate.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8235484
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-82354842021-06-27 In Vitro Selection of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Antioxidants to Develop an Innovative Synbiotic (NatuREN G) and Testing Its Effect in Reducing Uremic Toxins in Fecal Batches from CKD Patients Vacca, Mirco Celano, Giuseppe Lenucci, Marcello Salvatore Fontana, Sergio la Forgia, Flavia Maria Minervini, Fabio Scarano, Aurelia Santino, Angelo Dalfino, Giuseppe Gesualdo, Loreto De Angelis, Maria Microorganisms Article We aimed to develop an innovative synbiotic formulation for use in reducing dysbiosis, uremic toxins (e.g., p-cresol and indoxyl sulfate), and, consequently, the pathognomonic features of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Twenty-five probiotic strains, belonging to lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium, were tested for their ability to grow in co-culture with different vegetable (pomegranate, tomato, and grapes) sources of antioxidants and prebiotics (inulin, fructo-oligosaccharides, and β-glucans). Probiotics were selected based on the acidification rates and viable cell counts. Inulin and fructo-oligosaccharides reported the best prebiotic activity, while a pomegranate seed extract was initially chosen as antioxidant source. The investigation was also conducted in fecal batches from healthy and CKD subjects, on which metabolomic analyses (profiling volatile organic compounds and total free amino acids) were conducted. Two out of twenty-five probiotics were finally selected. After the stability tests, the selective innovative synbiotic formulation (named NatuREN G) comprised Bifidobacterium animalis BLC1, Lacticaseibacillus casei LC4P1, fructo-oligosaccharides, inulin, quercetin, resveratrol, and proanthocyanidins. Finally, NatuREN G was evaluated on fecal batches collected from CKD in which modified the viable cell densities of some cultivable bacterial patterns, increased the concentration of acetic acid and decane, while reduced the concentration of nonanoic acid, dimethyl trisulfide, and indoxyl sulfate. MDPI 2021-06-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8235484/ /pubmed/34204263 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9061316 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Vacca, Mirco
Celano, Giuseppe
Lenucci, Marcello Salvatore
Fontana, Sergio
la Forgia, Flavia Maria
Minervini, Fabio
Scarano, Aurelia
Santino, Angelo
Dalfino, Giuseppe
Gesualdo, Loreto
De Angelis, Maria
In Vitro Selection of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Antioxidants to Develop an Innovative Synbiotic (NatuREN G) and Testing Its Effect in Reducing Uremic Toxins in Fecal Batches from CKD Patients
title In Vitro Selection of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Antioxidants to Develop an Innovative Synbiotic (NatuREN G) and Testing Its Effect in Reducing Uremic Toxins in Fecal Batches from CKD Patients
title_full In Vitro Selection of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Antioxidants to Develop an Innovative Synbiotic (NatuREN G) and Testing Its Effect in Reducing Uremic Toxins in Fecal Batches from CKD Patients
title_fullStr In Vitro Selection of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Antioxidants to Develop an Innovative Synbiotic (NatuREN G) and Testing Its Effect in Reducing Uremic Toxins in Fecal Batches from CKD Patients
title_full_unstemmed In Vitro Selection of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Antioxidants to Develop an Innovative Synbiotic (NatuREN G) and Testing Its Effect in Reducing Uremic Toxins in Fecal Batches from CKD Patients
title_short In Vitro Selection of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Antioxidants to Develop an Innovative Synbiotic (NatuREN G) and Testing Its Effect in Reducing Uremic Toxins in Fecal Batches from CKD Patients
title_sort in vitro selection of probiotics, prebiotics, and antioxidants to develop an innovative synbiotic (naturen g) and testing its effect in reducing uremic toxins in fecal batches from ckd patients
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8235484/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34204263
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9061316
work_keys_str_mv AT vaccamirco invitroselectionofprobioticsprebioticsandantioxidantstodevelopaninnovativesynbioticnaturengandtestingitseffectinreducinguremictoxinsinfecalbatchesfromckdpatients
AT celanogiuseppe invitroselectionofprobioticsprebioticsandantioxidantstodevelopaninnovativesynbioticnaturengandtestingitseffectinreducinguremictoxinsinfecalbatchesfromckdpatients
AT lenuccimarcellosalvatore invitroselectionofprobioticsprebioticsandantioxidantstodevelopaninnovativesynbioticnaturengandtestingitseffectinreducinguremictoxinsinfecalbatchesfromckdpatients
AT fontanasergio invitroselectionofprobioticsprebioticsandantioxidantstodevelopaninnovativesynbioticnaturengandtestingitseffectinreducinguremictoxinsinfecalbatchesfromckdpatients
AT laforgiaflaviamaria invitroselectionofprobioticsprebioticsandantioxidantstodevelopaninnovativesynbioticnaturengandtestingitseffectinreducinguremictoxinsinfecalbatchesfromckdpatients
AT minervinifabio invitroselectionofprobioticsprebioticsandantioxidantstodevelopaninnovativesynbioticnaturengandtestingitseffectinreducinguremictoxinsinfecalbatchesfromckdpatients
AT scaranoaurelia invitroselectionofprobioticsprebioticsandantioxidantstodevelopaninnovativesynbioticnaturengandtestingitseffectinreducinguremictoxinsinfecalbatchesfromckdpatients
AT santinoangelo invitroselectionofprobioticsprebioticsandantioxidantstodevelopaninnovativesynbioticnaturengandtestingitseffectinreducinguremictoxinsinfecalbatchesfromckdpatients
AT dalfinogiuseppe invitroselectionofprobioticsprebioticsandantioxidantstodevelopaninnovativesynbioticnaturengandtestingitseffectinreducinguremictoxinsinfecalbatchesfromckdpatients
AT gesualdoloreto invitroselectionofprobioticsprebioticsandantioxidantstodevelopaninnovativesynbioticnaturengandtestingitseffectinreducinguremictoxinsinfecalbatchesfromckdpatients
AT deangelismaria invitroselectionofprobioticsprebioticsandantioxidantstodevelopaninnovativesynbioticnaturengandtestingitseffectinreducinguremictoxinsinfecalbatchesfromckdpatients