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Dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of clear aligners after thermoforming and aging

BACKGROUND: Based on the role of properties of aligner materials on their efficiency, we aimed to assess their thermomechanical properties after thermoforming and simulated aging. METHODS: In this experimental study, 96 samples of polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) aligners (Duran and Erkodur)...

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Autores principales: Dalaie, Kazem, Fatemi, Seyyed Mostafa, Ghaffari, Samin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8236420/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34180030
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40510-021-00362-8
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author Dalaie, Kazem
Fatemi, Seyyed Mostafa
Ghaffari, Samin
author_facet Dalaie, Kazem
Fatemi, Seyyed Mostafa
Ghaffari, Samin
author_sort Dalaie, Kazem
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Based on the role of properties of aligner materials on their efficiency, we aimed to assess their thermomechanical properties after thermoforming and simulated aging. METHODS: In this experimental study, 96 samples of polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) aligners (Duran and Erkodur) were prepared and divided to three groups: control (C), after thermoforming (T), after thermoforming and aging (TA). Thermoforming was done through 3D-printed molds, and aging was exerted by 200 thermal cycles after immersion in 37°C distilled water for 24h. Flexural modulus, hardness, glass transition temperature (Tg), elastic and viscous modulus, and loss factor were evaluated. Two-way ANOVA, T-independent, and Tukey HSD tests were done for statistical analysis and significance level was set to 0.05. RESULTS: In both materials, flexural modulus decreased significantly after thermoforming, 88% in Duran and 70% in Erkodur, but did not change significantly after aging. After thermoforming, hardness decreased significantly in both materials (22% in Duran and 7.6% in Erkodur). Dynamic Tg was significantly lower in T and TA in both materials. At all temperatures (25, 37, 55°C) in Duran, the elastic modulus difference was only significant between C and TA, but in Erkodur, it decreased significantly in T, and there was no significant change after aging. Viscous modulus and loss factor showed the same change patterns at all temperatures. In both materials, they increased after thermoforming, but did not change significantly after aging. CONCLUSION: Thermoforming had more prominent role than aging in diminishing of thermomechanical properties. In general, Duran had greater thermomechanical stability than Erkodur.
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spelling pubmed-82364202021-07-09 Dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of clear aligners after thermoforming and aging Dalaie, Kazem Fatemi, Seyyed Mostafa Ghaffari, Samin Prog Orthod Research BACKGROUND: Based on the role of properties of aligner materials on their efficiency, we aimed to assess their thermomechanical properties after thermoforming and simulated aging. METHODS: In this experimental study, 96 samples of polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) aligners (Duran and Erkodur) were prepared and divided to three groups: control (C), after thermoforming (T), after thermoforming and aging (TA). Thermoforming was done through 3D-printed molds, and aging was exerted by 200 thermal cycles after immersion in 37°C distilled water for 24h. Flexural modulus, hardness, glass transition temperature (Tg), elastic and viscous modulus, and loss factor were evaluated. Two-way ANOVA, T-independent, and Tukey HSD tests were done for statistical analysis and significance level was set to 0.05. RESULTS: In both materials, flexural modulus decreased significantly after thermoforming, 88% in Duran and 70% in Erkodur, but did not change significantly after aging. After thermoforming, hardness decreased significantly in both materials (22% in Duran and 7.6% in Erkodur). Dynamic Tg was significantly lower in T and TA in both materials. At all temperatures (25, 37, 55°C) in Duran, the elastic modulus difference was only significant between C and TA, but in Erkodur, it decreased significantly in T, and there was no significant change after aging. Viscous modulus and loss factor showed the same change patterns at all temperatures. In both materials, they increased after thermoforming, but did not change significantly after aging. CONCLUSION: Thermoforming had more prominent role than aging in diminishing of thermomechanical properties. In general, Duran had greater thermomechanical stability than Erkodur. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2021-06-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8236420/ /pubmed/34180030 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40510-021-00362-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Research
Dalaie, Kazem
Fatemi, Seyyed Mostafa
Ghaffari, Samin
Dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of clear aligners after thermoforming and aging
title Dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of clear aligners after thermoforming and aging
title_full Dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of clear aligners after thermoforming and aging
title_fullStr Dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of clear aligners after thermoforming and aging
title_full_unstemmed Dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of clear aligners after thermoforming and aging
title_short Dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of clear aligners after thermoforming and aging
title_sort dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of clear aligners after thermoforming and aging
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8236420/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34180030
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40510-021-00362-8
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