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Case Report: Corneal Leucoma as a Novel Clinical Presentation of Nail-Patella Syndrome in a 5-Year-Old Girl

Nail-patella syndrome (NPS) is a rare autosomal-dominant disorder characterized by the classic tetrad of absent or hypoplastic finger and toe nails, absent or hypoplastic patella, skeletal deformities involving the elbow joints, and iliac horns. This disease is caused by heterozygous pathogenic vari...

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Autores principales: Hou, Ling, Du, Yue, Wu, Yubin, Zeng, Yue, Zhao, Chengguang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8236592/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34195159
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2021.638630
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author Hou, Ling
Du, Yue
Wu, Yubin
Zeng, Yue
Zhao, Chengguang
author_facet Hou, Ling
Du, Yue
Wu, Yubin
Zeng, Yue
Zhao, Chengguang
author_sort Hou, Ling
collection PubMed
description Nail-patella syndrome (NPS) is a rare autosomal-dominant disorder characterized by the classic tetrad of absent or hypoplastic finger and toe nails, absent or hypoplastic patella, skeletal deformities involving the elbow joints, and iliac horns. This disease is caused by heterozygous pathogenic variations in the LMX1B gene, which encodes the LIM homeodomain transcription factor protein (LMX1B). We report a case of corneal leucoma and dysplasia prior to overt steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) in a patient with NPS. At presentation, the parents of a 5-year-old female patient reported their daughter had corneal leucoma, psychomotor delay and speech defect. We also noted the presence of bilateral edema of the lower extremities, hypertension, nail dystrophy, and the bilateral absence of patella. She developed steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Lowe oculocerebrorenal syndrome and NPS were the conditions considered in differential diagnosis. Trio-based whole genome sequencing indicated a heterozygous de novo likely pathogenic variation in the LMX1B gene (c.805A>C [p.Asn269His]). Patients with NPS often develop nail, ocular, or orthopedic symptoms prior to nephrotic syndrome. Corneal leucoma may be a novel clinical presentation of NPS.
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spelling pubmed-82365922021-06-29 Case Report: Corneal Leucoma as a Novel Clinical Presentation of Nail-Patella Syndrome in a 5-Year-Old Girl Hou, Ling Du, Yue Wu, Yubin Zeng, Yue Zhao, Chengguang Front Pediatr Pediatrics Nail-patella syndrome (NPS) is a rare autosomal-dominant disorder characterized by the classic tetrad of absent or hypoplastic finger and toe nails, absent or hypoplastic patella, skeletal deformities involving the elbow joints, and iliac horns. This disease is caused by heterozygous pathogenic variations in the LMX1B gene, which encodes the LIM homeodomain transcription factor protein (LMX1B). We report a case of corneal leucoma and dysplasia prior to overt steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) in a patient with NPS. At presentation, the parents of a 5-year-old female patient reported their daughter had corneal leucoma, psychomotor delay and speech defect. We also noted the presence of bilateral edema of the lower extremities, hypertension, nail dystrophy, and the bilateral absence of patella. She developed steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Lowe oculocerebrorenal syndrome and NPS were the conditions considered in differential diagnosis. Trio-based whole genome sequencing indicated a heterozygous de novo likely pathogenic variation in the LMX1B gene (c.805A>C [p.Asn269His]). Patients with NPS often develop nail, ocular, or orthopedic symptoms prior to nephrotic syndrome. Corneal leucoma may be a novel clinical presentation of NPS. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8236592/ /pubmed/34195159 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2021.638630 Text en Copyright © 2021 Hou, Du, Wu, Zeng and Zhao. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Pediatrics
Hou, Ling
Du, Yue
Wu, Yubin
Zeng, Yue
Zhao, Chengguang
Case Report: Corneal Leucoma as a Novel Clinical Presentation of Nail-Patella Syndrome in a 5-Year-Old Girl
title Case Report: Corneal Leucoma as a Novel Clinical Presentation of Nail-Patella Syndrome in a 5-Year-Old Girl
title_full Case Report: Corneal Leucoma as a Novel Clinical Presentation of Nail-Patella Syndrome in a 5-Year-Old Girl
title_fullStr Case Report: Corneal Leucoma as a Novel Clinical Presentation of Nail-Patella Syndrome in a 5-Year-Old Girl
title_full_unstemmed Case Report: Corneal Leucoma as a Novel Clinical Presentation of Nail-Patella Syndrome in a 5-Year-Old Girl
title_short Case Report: Corneal Leucoma as a Novel Clinical Presentation of Nail-Patella Syndrome in a 5-Year-Old Girl
title_sort case report: corneal leucoma as a novel clinical presentation of nail-patella syndrome in a 5-year-old girl
topic Pediatrics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8236592/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34195159
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2021.638630
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