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Effects of the Haemodynamic Stimulus on the Location of Carotid Plaques Based on a Patient-Specific Mechanobiological Plaque Atheroma Formation Model

In this work, we propose a mechanobiological atheroma growth model modulated by a new haemodynamic stimulus. To test this model, we analyse the development of atheroma plaques in patient-specific bifurcations of carotid arteries for a total time of 30 years. In particular, eight geometries (left or...

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Autores principales: Hernández-López, Patricia, Cilla, Myriam, Martínez, Miguel, Peña, Estefanía
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8236601/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34195181
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.690685
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author Hernández-López, Patricia
Cilla, Myriam
Martínez, Miguel
Peña, Estefanía
author_facet Hernández-López, Patricia
Cilla, Myriam
Martínez, Miguel
Peña, Estefanía
author_sort Hernández-López, Patricia
collection PubMed
description In this work, we propose a mechanobiological atheroma growth model modulated by a new haemodynamic stimulus. To test this model, we analyse the development of atheroma plaques in patient-specific bifurcations of carotid arteries for a total time of 30 years. In particular, eight geometries (left or right carotid arteries) were segmented from clinical images and compared with the solutions obtained computationally to validate the model. The influence of some haemodynamical stimuli on the location and size of plaques is also studied. Plaques predicted by the mechanobiological models using the time average wall shear stress (TAWSS), the oscillatory shear index (OSI) and a new index proposed in this work are compared. The new index predicts the shape index of the endothelial cells as a combination of TAWSS and OSI values and was fitted using data from the literature. The mechanobiological model represents an evolution of the one previously proposed by the authors. This model uses Navier-Stokes equations to simulate blood flow along the lumen in the transient mode. It also employs Darcy's law and Kedem-Katchalsky equations for plasma and substance flow across the endothelium using the three-pore model. The mass balances of all the substances that have been considered in the model are implemented by convection-diffusion-reaction equations, and finally the growth of the plaques has been computed. The results show that by using the new mechanical stimulus proposed in this study, prediction of plaques is, in most cases, better than only using TAWSS or OSI with a minimal and maximal errors on stenosis ratio of 2.77 and 32.89 %, respectively. However, there are a few geometries in which haemodynamics cannot predict the location of plaques, and other biological or genetic factors would be more relevant than haemodynamics. In particular, the model predicts correctly eleven of the fourteen plaques presented in all the geometries considered. Additionally, a healthy geometry has been computed to check that plaque is not developed with the model in this case.
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spelling pubmed-82366012021-06-29 Effects of the Haemodynamic Stimulus on the Location of Carotid Plaques Based on a Patient-Specific Mechanobiological Plaque Atheroma Formation Model Hernández-López, Patricia Cilla, Myriam Martínez, Miguel Peña, Estefanía Front Bioeng Biotechnol Bioengineering and Biotechnology In this work, we propose a mechanobiological atheroma growth model modulated by a new haemodynamic stimulus. To test this model, we analyse the development of atheroma plaques in patient-specific bifurcations of carotid arteries for a total time of 30 years. In particular, eight geometries (left or right carotid arteries) were segmented from clinical images and compared with the solutions obtained computationally to validate the model. The influence of some haemodynamical stimuli on the location and size of plaques is also studied. Plaques predicted by the mechanobiological models using the time average wall shear stress (TAWSS), the oscillatory shear index (OSI) and a new index proposed in this work are compared. The new index predicts the shape index of the endothelial cells as a combination of TAWSS and OSI values and was fitted using data from the literature. The mechanobiological model represents an evolution of the one previously proposed by the authors. This model uses Navier-Stokes equations to simulate blood flow along the lumen in the transient mode. It also employs Darcy's law and Kedem-Katchalsky equations for plasma and substance flow across the endothelium using the three-pore model. The mass balances of all the substances that have been considered in the model are implemented by convection-diffusion-reaction equations, and finally the growth of the plaques has been computed. The results show that by using the new mechanical stimulus proposed in this study, prediction of plaques is, in most cases, better than only using TAWSS or OSI with a minimal and maximal errors on stenosis ratio of 2.77 and 32.89 %, respectively. However, there are a few geometries in which haemodynamics cannot predict the location of plaques, and other biological or genetic factors would be more relevant than haemodynamics. In particular, the model predicts correctly eleven of the fourteen plaques presented in all the geometries considered. Additionally, a healthy geometry has been computed to check that plaque is not developed with the model in this case. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8236601/ /pubmed/34195181 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.690685 Text en Copyright © 2021 Hernández-López, Cilla, Martínez and Peña. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Bioengineering and Biotechnology
Hernández-López, Patricia
Cilla, Myriam
Martínez, Miguel
Peña, Estefanía
Effects of the Haemodynamic Stimulus on the Location of Carotid Plaques Based on a Patient-Specific Mechanobiological Plaque Atheroma Formation Model
title Effects of the Haemodynamic Stimulus on the Location of Carotid Plaques Based on a Patient-Specific Mechanobiological Plaque Atheroma Formation Model
title_full Effects of the Haemodynamic Stimulus on the Location of Carotid Plaques Based on a Patient-Specific Mechanobiological Plaque Atheroma Formation Model
title_fullStr Effects of the Haemodynamic Stimulus on the Location of Carotid Plaques Based on a Patient-Specific Mechanobiological Plaque Atheroma Formation Model
title_full_unstemmed Effects of the Haemodynamic Stimulus on the Location of Carotid Plaques Based on a Patient-Specific Mechanobiological Plaque Atheroma Formation Model
title_short Effects of the Haemodynamic Stimulus on the Location of Carotid Plaques Based on a Patient-Specific Mechanobiological Plaque Atheroma Formation Model
title_sort effects of the haemodynamic stimulus on the location of carotid plaques based on a patient-specific mechanobiological plaque atheroma formation model
topic Bioengineering and Biotechnology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8236601/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34195181
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.690685
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